Simoncelli Camilla, Webster Michael A
Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno.
Color Res Appl. 2025 Mar-Apr;50(2):172-186. doi: 10.1002/col.22963. Epub 2024 Nov 7.
Individual differences are a prominent feature of normal color vision and range from variations in sensitivity to perception and color naming. Corrections for differences in spectral sensitivity are common, and there is growing interest in calibrating displays for the sensitivity of an individual observer. In contrast, few studies have explored calibrations for aspects of color appearance. We developed a technique for adjusting images based directly on an individual's hue percepts and illustrate the principle of the approach using a set of hue scaling functions measured previously for a large sample of color-normal observers (Emery et al. PNAS 2023). Colors in an image are mapped onto the average scaling function to define the hue perceived by the average "standard observer." This hue is then mapped back to the chromaticity that would elicit the same response in any individual observer. With this correction, different observers - each looking at physically different images calibrated for their own hue percepts - should in principle agree on the perceived colors. Adjustments of this kind could be easily implemented on standard displays, because they require only measures of hue percepts and not spectral sensitivity, and could lead to greater consistency in the perception and communication about color across individuals with potentially widely different perceptual experiences of color.
个体差异是正常色觉的一个显著特征，范围从敏感度差异到感知和颜色命名的差异。对光谱敏感度差异进行校正是常见的，并且越来越关注针对个体观察者的敏感度校准显示器。相比之下，很少有研究探索颜色外观方面的校准。我们开发了一种直接基于个体色调感知来调整图像的技术，并使用先前为大量色觉正常的观察者样本测量的一组色调缩放函数来说明该方法的原理（埃默里等人，《美国国家科学院院刊》，2023年）。图像中的颜色被映射到平均缩放函数上，以定义平均“标准观察者”所感知的色调。然后，将此色调映射回在任何个体观察者中都会引发相同反应的色度。通过这种校正，不同的观察者——每个人都看着为自己的色调感知而校准的物理上不同的图像——原则上应该在感知到的颜色上达成一致。这种调整可以很容易地在标准显示器上实现，因为它们只需要色调感知的测量值，而不需要光谱敏感度，并且可以在具有潜在广泛不同颜色感知体验的个体之间在颜色感知和交流方面实现更大的一致性。
