Dixon G A, Krutz R W, Fischer J R
School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks Air Force Base, Texas.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1988 Dec;59(12):1146-9.
The purpose of this study was to measure female susceptibility to decompression sickness (DCS) during simulated extravehicular activity (EVA) at a candidate (7.8 psia) suit pressure. Thirty female volunteer subjects, in groups of three, were exposed to three consecutive daily EVA simulations at 7.8 psia (5,031 m altitude equivalent) continuously for 6 h. During each altitude exposure, the subjects breathed a gas mixture of 50% oxygen/50% nitrogen, and participated in exercise workloads similar to those expected to be experienced by astronauts during a typical EVA scenario. Precordial Doppler bubble monitoring was accomplished after each cycle of exercise workload simulations. During at least 1 of the 3 days (d) of exposure, 43% of the subjects experienced intravenous bubbling. Of the 30 subjects, 17 (57%) did not experience detectable bubbling on any of the 3 d of exposure and 5 (17%) developed decompression sickness (DCS) during the study. Two cases were delayed, occurring after recompression to ground level; and three subjects required hyperbaric oxygen treatment. The results of this study suggest that female subjects may suffer more delayed DCS symptoms, necessitating hyperbaric oxygen treatment, than their male counterparts under the same experimental conditions. Female subjects did not experience intravenous bubbling as frequently as male subjects when exposed to these study conditions.
本研究的目的是测量在模拟舱外活动（EVA）期间，女性在候选 suit 压力（7.8 磅力/平方英寸绝对压力）下对减压病（DCS）的易感性。30 名女性志愿者受试者，每三人一组，连续三天每天在 7.8 磅力/平方英寸绝对压力（相当于海拔 5031 米）下连续进行 6 小时的 EVA 模拟。在每次海拔暴露期间，受试者呼吸 50%氧气/50%氮气的混合气体，并参与与宇航员在典型 EVA 场景中预期经历的类似的运动负荷。在每个运动负荷模拟周期后进行心前区多普勒气泡监测。在暴露的 3 天中至少有 1 天，43%的受试者出现静脉气泡。在 30 名受试者中，17 名（57%）在暴露的 3 天中任何一天都未出现可检测到的气泡，5 名（17%）在研究期间患减压病（DCS）。2 例为延迟发病，发生在重新加压到地面水平之后；3 名受试者需要高压氧治疗。本研究结果表明，在相同实验条件下，女性受试者可能比男性受试者遭受更多需要高压氧治疗的延迟性 DCS 症状。在暴露于这些研究条件下时，女性受试者静脉气泡出现的频率不如男性受试者高。
