Yang Jie, Zhan Xiao-Zhen, Malola Jonathan, Li Zhen-Yan, Pawar Jogendra Singh, Zhang Huan-Tian, Zha Zhen-Gang
Institute of Orthopedic Diseases and Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
Differentiation. 2020 May-Jun;113:38-48. doi: 10.1016/j.diff.2020.03.003. Epub 2020 Apr 8.
Thy-1 is a 25-37 kDa glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface protein that was discovered more than 50 years ago. Recent findings have suggested that Thy-1 is expressed on thymocytes, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), cancer stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, endothelial cells, neuronal smooth muscle cells, and pan T cells. Thy-1 plays vital roles in cell migration, adhesion, differentiation, transdifferentiation, apoptosis, mechanotransduction, and cell division, which in turn are involved in tumor development, pulmonary fibrosis, neurite outgrowth, and T cell activation. Studies have increasingly indicated a significant role of Thy-1 in cell differentiation and regeneration. However, despite recent research, many questions remain regarding the roles of Thy-1 in cell differentiation and regeneration. This review aimed to summarize the roles of Thy-1 in cell differentiation and regeneration. Furthermore, since Thy-1 is an outer leaflet membrane protein anchored by GPI, we attempted to address how Thy-1 regulates intracellular pathways through cis and trans signals. Due to the complexity and mystery surrounding the issue, we also summarized the Thy-1-related pathways in different biological processes, and this might provide novel insights in the field of cell differentiation and regeneration.
Thy-1是一种50多年前发现的25-37 kDa糖基磷脂酰肌醇（GPI）锚定的细胞表面蛋白。最近的研究结果表明，Thy-1在胸腺细胞、间充质干细胞（MSC）、癌症干细胞、造血干细胞、成纤维细胞、肌成纤维细胞、内皮细胞、神经平滑肌细胞和全T细胞上表达。Thy-1在细胞迁移、黏附、分化、转分化、凋亡、机械转导和细胞分裂中起重要作用，这些反过来又参与肿瘤发展、肺纤维化、神经突生长和T细胞活化。研究越来越表明Thy-1在细胞分化和再生中起重要作用。然而，尽管有最近的研究，但关于Thy-1在细胞分化和再生中的作用仍有许多问题。这篇综述旨在总结Thy-1在细胞分化和再生中的作用。此外，由于Thy-1是一种由GPI锚定的外叶膜蛋白，我们试图探讨Thy-1如何通过顺式和反式信号调节细胞内途径。由于围绕该问题的复杂性和神秘性，我们还总结了不同生物学过程中与Thy-1相关的途径，这可能为细胞分化和再生领域提供新的见解。
