Kasetsart University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand.
District Veterinary Hospital, Department of Livestock, Gasa, Bhutan.
BMC Vet Res. 2020 May 13;16(1):135. doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02355-x.
Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) is a highly contagious virus belonging to family Paramyxovirade, genus Morbillivirus and responsible for high morbidity and mortality in dogs worldwide. Infected domestic dogs can cause spillover infections to wild carnivores that are in contact. We conducted a seroprevalence survey of CDV in domestic dogs in two areas of western Bhutan (Haa district) located at the periphery of the Jigme Khesar Strict Nature Reserve, which is home to several endangered wildlife. A total of 238 serum samples, 119 each from the pet and stray dog, were collected during summer and winter seasons. Samples were tested for CDV antibodies using a sandwich enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) test.
The seroprevalence of CDV was found to be 11.3% (95% CI 6.7-14.2). Dogs sampled during winter were less likely to test seropositive against CDV antibodies than those sampled during summer (adjusted odds ratio: -2.6; 95% CI: - 1.2-6.1). Dogs in good body condition were found to be more likely to test seropositive against CDV than dogs in poor condition and obese dogs (adjusted odds ratio: 2.2; 95% CI: 0.1-5.9). There were no significant differences in the seroprevalence of CDV among different sexes, breeds and age classes, pet and stray dogs and between the two study sites.
Our study indicates that CDV seroprevalence was equally distributed among pet and stray dogs. We suggest strengthening the management practices of dogs through responsible dog ownership, dog population management and waste management to minimize the transmission risk of infectious diseases to wildlife.
犬瘟热病毒（CDV）是一种高度传染性病毒，属于副粘病毒科，麻疹病毒属，可导致全球犬只的发病率和死亡率很高。受感染的家犬会导致与其接触的野生食肉动物发生溢出感染。我们在不丹西部的两个地区（哈阿地区）对家犬进行了犬瘟热血清流行率调查，这两个地区位于几处濒危野生动物栖息地的吉格梅·凯萨尔·纳姆耶尔宗野生动物保护区的周边。在夏季和冬季，共采集了 238 份血清样本，其中宠物犬和流浪犬各 119 份。使用夹心酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测了样本中的 CDV 抗体。
CDV 的血清流行率为 11.3%（95%置信区间 6.7-14.2）。冬季采样的犬对 CDV 抗体的血清阳性率低于夏季采样的犬（调整后的优势比：-2.6；95%置信区间：-1.2-6.1）。身体状况良好的犬比身体状况差和肥胖的犬更有可能对 CDV 抗体呈血清阳性（调整后的优势比：2.2；95%置信区间：0.1-5.9）。不同性别、品种和年龄组、宠物犬和流浪犬以及两个研究地点之间的 CDV 血清流行率没有显著差异。
我们的研究表明，宠物犬和流浪犬的 CDV 血清流行率分布均匀。我们建议通过负责任的养犬、犬只数量管理和废物管理加强犬只管理，以最大限度地降低传染病向野生动物传播的风险。
