Martinez-Gutierrez Marlen, Ruiz-Saenz Julian
Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales GRICA, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Calle 30A # 33-51, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
BMC Vet Res. 2016 May 12;12:78. doi: 10.1186/s12917-016-0702-z.
Canine distemper virus (CDV) is the etiological agent of one of the most infectious diseases of domestic dogs, also known as a highly prevalent viral infectious disease of carnivores and posing a conservation threat to endangered species around the world. To get a better panorama of CDV infection in different Orders, a retrospective and documental systematic review of the role of CDV in different non-dog hosts was conducted. The bibliographical data were collected from MedLine/PubMed and Scopus databases. Data related to Order, Family, Genus and Species of the infected animals, the presence or absence of clinical signs, mortality, serological, molecular or antigenic confirmation of CDV infection, geographic location, were collected and summarized.
Two hundred seventeen scientific articles were considered eligible which includes reports of serological evaluation, and antigenic or genomic confirmation of CDV infection in non-dog hosts. CDV infects naturally and experimentally different members of the Orders Carnivora (in 12 Families), Rodentia (four Families), Primates (two Families), Artiodactyla (three Families) and Proboscidea (one Family). The Order Carnivora (excluding domestic dogs) accounts for the vast majority (87.5%) of the records. Clinical disease associated with CDV infection was reported in 51.8% of the records and serological evidence of CDV infection in apparently healthy animals was found in 49.5% of the records. High mortality rate was showed in some of the recorded infections in Orders different to Carnivora. In non-dog hosts, CDV has been reported all continents with the exception of Australasia and in 43 different countries.
The results of this systematic review demonstrate that CDV is able to infect a very wide range of host species from many different Orders and emphasizes the potential threat of infection for endangered wild species as well as raising concerns about potential zoonotic threats following the cessation of large-scale measles vaccination campaigns in the human population.
犬瘟热病毒（CDV）是家犬最具传染性的疾病之一的病原体，也是一种在食肉动物中高度流行的病毒性传染病，对全球濒危物种构成保护威胁。为了更好地了解不同目动物中CDV感染的情况，我们对CDV在不同非犬宿主中的作用进行了回顾性文献系统综述。文献数据收集自MedLine/PubMed和Scopus数据库。收集并总结了与受感染动物的目、科、属和种、临床症状的有无、死亡率、CDV感染的血清学、分子或抗原学确认、地理位置相关的数据。
217篇科学文章被认为符合条件，其中包括非犬宿主中CDV感染的血清学评估报告以及抗原或基因组确认报告。CDV可自然感染并通过实验感染食肉目（12个科）、啮齿目（4个科）、灵长目（2个科）、偶蹄目（3个科）和长鼻目（1个科）的不同成员。食肉目（不包括家犬）占记录的绝大多数（87.5%）。51.8%的记录报告了与CDV感染相关的临床疾病，49.5%的记录发现明显健康的动物有CDV感染的血清学证据。在一些与食肉目不同的目中，记录的感染显示出高死亡率。在非犬宿主中，除澳大拉西亚外，各大洲均有CDV感染的报告，涉及43个不同国家。
该系统综述的结果表明，CDV能够感染来自许多不同目的广泛宿主物种，并强调了感染对濒危野生动物的潜在威胁，同时也引发了对人类大规模麻疹疫苗接种运动停止后潜在人畜共患病威胁的担忧。
