Leménager Paul, Franck Yves-Kenol, Corlin Florine, Bouscaren Nicolas, Nacher Mathieu, Adenis Antoine
CIC INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier Andree Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Andree Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Open Heart. 2020 May;7(1). doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001206.
Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous heart diseases group in terms of morphology and aetiology. Hypothesising a tropical specificity and given an absence of data in French Guiana, the primary objective of our study was to describe morphologies and aetiologies of cardiomyopathies observed at Cayenne General Hospital.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Cayenne Hospital from 1 January 2009 to 1 June 2014 in the hospital database. Only patients with the definition of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) were included, based on the first transthoracic ultrasonography found during the study period. Medical files were consulted.
With 182 patients included, the prevalence of cardiomyopathies among heart diseases was estimated at 4.3% (95% CI 3.7% to 4.9%). Twelve patients had a familial or genetic aetiology (6.6%) and 170 a non-familial or non-genetic aetiology (93.4%). The morphological spectrum was: dilated for 114 patients (62.6%), hypertrophic for 27 (14.8%), unclassified for 1 (0.5%) and non-classifiable for 13 (7.1%). This group was constituted of patients with a systolic and/or diastolic functional impairment without morphological abnormality. The aetiological spectrum found 184 aetiologies including: 70.9% undetermined, 8.7% infectious (with 6.5% chagasic and 0.5% related with human immunodeficiency virus) and 6.0% with toxins.
Cardiomyopthies are a common and severe clinical problem. The frequency of infectious aetiologies and dilated impairment are arguments for cardiomyopathies with tropical particularities. However, the preponderance of undetermined aetiologies justifies the development of further research programmes.
心肌病在形态学和病因学方面是一组异质性心脏病。鉴于法属圭亚那缺乏相关数据且推测存在热带地区的特异性，我们研究的主要目的是描述在卡宴综合医院观察到的心肌病的形态学和病因学。
2009年1月1日至2014年6月1日在卡宴医院的医院数据库中进行了一项横断面研究。仅纳入符合欧洲心脏病学会（ESC）定义的患者，基于研究期间首次经胸超声心动图检查结果。查阅了病历。
纳入182例患者，心肌病在心脏病中的患病率估计为4.3%（95%置信区间3.7%至4.9%）。12例患者有家族性或遗传性病因（6.6%），170例有非家族性或非遗传性病因（93.4%）。形态学谱为：扩张型114例（62.6%），肥厚型27例（14.8%），未分类1例（0.5%），不可分类13例（7.1%）。该组由无形态学异常但有收缩和/或舒张功能障碍的患者组成。病因学谱发现184种病因，包括：70.9%病因未明，8.7%为感染性（其中6.5%为恰加斯病，0.5%与人类免疫缺陷病毒有关），6.0%与毒素有关。
心肌病是一个常见且严重的临床问题。感染性病因的频率和扩张型损害是支持具有热带地区特殊性的心肌病的依据。然而，病因未明情况占优势说明有必要开展进一步的研究项目。
