Epelboin Loïc, Abboud Philippe, Abdelmoumen Karim, About Frédégonde, Adenis Antoine, Blaise Théo, Blaizot Romain, Bonifay Timothée, Bourne-Watrin Morgane, Boutrou Mathilde, Carles Gabriel, Carlier Pierre-Yves, Carod Jean-François, Carvalho Luisiane, Couppié Pierre, De Toffol Bertrand, Delon François, Demar Magalie, Destoop Justin, Douine Maylis, Droz Jean-Pierre, Elenga Narcisse, Enfissi Antoine, Franck Yves-Kénol, Fremery Alexis, Gaillet Mélanie, Kallel Hatem, Kpangon Arsène Amadouhé, Lavergne Anne, Le Turnier Paul, Maisonobe Lucas, Michaud Céline, Mutricy Rémi, Nacher Mathieu, Naldjinan-Kodbaye Richard, Oberlis Margot, Odonne Guillaume, Osei Lindsay, Pujo Jean, Rabier Sébastien, Roman-Laverdure Brigitte, Rousseau Cyril, Rousset Dominique, Sabbah Nadia, Sainte-Rose Vincent, Schaub Roxane, Sylla Karamba, Tareau Marc-Alexandre, Tertre Victor, Thorey Camille, Vialette Véronique, Walter Gaëlle, Zappa Magaly, Djossou Félix, Vignier Nicolas
Unité des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane.
Centre d'investigation clinique Guyane (Inserm CIC 1424), Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Guyane.
Med Trop Sante Int. 2023 Feb 17;3(1). doi: 10.48327/mtsi.v3i1.2023.308. eCollection 2023 Mar 31.
Source of many myths, French Guiana represents an exceptional territory due to the richness of its biodiversity and the variety of its communities. The only European territory in Amazonia, surrounded by the Brazilian giant and the little-known Suriname, Ariane 6 rockets are launched from Kourou while 50% of the population lives below the poverty line. This paradoxical situation is a source of health problems specific to this territory, whether they be infectious diseases with unknown germs, intoxications or chronic pathologies.Some infectious diseases such as Q fever, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis or HIV infection are in common with temperate countries, but present specificities leading to sometimes different management and medical reasoning. In addition to these pathologies, many tropical diseases are present in an endemic and / or epidemic mode such as malaria, leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, histoplasmosis or dengue. Besides, Amazonian dermatology is extremely varied, ranging from rare but serious pathologies (Buruli ulcer, leprosy) to others which are frequent and benign such as agouti lice (mites of the family Trombiculidae) or papillonitis. Envenomations by wild fauna are not rare, and deserve an appropriate management of the incriminated taxon. Obstetrical, cardiovascular and metabolic cosmopolitan pathologies sometimes take on a particular dimension in French Guiana that must be taken into account in the management of patients. Finally, different types of intoxication are to be known by practitioners, especially due to heavy metals.European-level resources offer diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities that do not exist in the surrounding countries and regions, thus allowing the management of diseases that are not well known elsewhere.Thanks to these same European-level resources, research in Guyana occupies a key place within the Amazon region, despite a smaller population than in the surrounding countries. Thus, certain pathologies such as histoplasmosis of the immunocompromised patient, Amazonian toxoplasmosis or Q fever are hardly described in neighboring countries, probably due to under-diagnosis linked to more limited resources. French Guiana plays a leading role in the study of these diseases.The objective of this overview is to guide health care providers coming to or practicing in French Guiana in their daily practice, but also practitioners taking care of people returning from French Guiana.
法属圭亚那是许多神话的发源地，由于其生物多样性丰富和社区种类多样，它是一个特殊的地区。它是亚马逊地区唯一的欧洲领土，被巴西这个大国和鲜为人知的苏里南包围，阿丽亚娜6号火箭从库鲁发射，而50%的人口生活在贫困线以下。这种矛盾的情况是该地区特有的健康问题的根源，无论是由未知病菌引起的传染病、中毒还是慢性病。一些传染病，如Q热、弓形虫病、隐球菌病或艾滋病毒感染，与温带国家常见，但存在特殊性，导致有时管理和医疗推理不同。除了这些病症，许多热带疾病以地方病和/或流行病的形式存在，如疟疾、利什曼病、恰加斯病、组织胞浆菌病或登革热。此外，亚马逊皮肤病学极为多样，从罕见但严重的病症（布鲁里溃疡、麻风病）到常见且良性的病症，如刺豚鼠虱（恙螨科螨虫）或乳头炎。野生动物的毒液攻击并不罕见，应对相关物种进行适当管理。产科、心血管和代谢方面的世界性病症在法属圭亚那有时会呈现出特殊情况，在患者管理中必须予以考虑。最后，从业者应该了解不同类型的中毒情况，尤其是重金属中毒。欧洲层面的资源提供了周边国家和地区不存在的诊断和治疗可能性，从而能够管理其他地方不太了解的疾病。得益于这些同样的欧洲层面的资源，圭亚那的研究在亚马逊地区占据关键地位，尽管其人口比周边国家少。因此，某些病症，如免疫功能低下患者的组织胞浆菌病、亚马逊弓形虫病或Q热，在邻国几乎没有描述，可能是由于资源有限导致诊断不足。法属圭亚那在这些疾病的研究中发挥着主导作用。本概述的目的是指导前往法属圭亚那或在法属圭亚那行医的医疗保健人员的日常实践，同时也为照顾从法属圭亚那返回的人员的从业者提供指导。
