Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Servicio de Sanidad Vegetal, Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Rural PAyT, Badajoz, Spain.
Pest Manag Sci. 2020 Nov;76(11):3596-3605. doi: 10.1002/ps.5893. Epub 2020 Jun 10.
Geographic variation in male response to sex pheromone lures has been studied in the field in a number of moth species. However, only a few studies have investigated geographic variation in female calling and sex pheromone under field conditions. For an effective field implementation of sex pheromone lures, it is essential to know the local sex pheromone blend and local timing of sexual communication. We investigated the level and extent of geographic variation in the sexual communication of the important agricultural pest Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) in three continents.
We found there is no genetic variation in the calling behavior of H. armigera. In the female sex pheromone, we found more between-population variation than within-population variation. In male response experiments, we found geographic variation as well. Strikingly, when adding the antagonistic compound Z11-16:OAc to the pheromone blend of H. armigera, significantly fewer males were caught in Australia and China, but not in Spain. This variation is likely not only due to local environmental conditions, such as photoperiod and temperature, but also to the presence of other closely related species with which communication interference may occur.
Finding geographic variation in both the female sexual signal and the male response in this pest calls for region-specific pheromone lures. Our study shows that the analysis of geographic variation in moth female sex pheromones as well as male responses is important for effectively monitoring pest species that occur around the globe. © 2020 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
在一些蛾类物种中，已经在野外研究了雄性对性信息素诱饵的地理变异。然而，只有少数研究调查了在野外条件下雌性发声和性信息素的地理变异。为了有效地在野外实施性信息素诱饵，了解当地的性信息素混合物和性通讯的当地时间至关重要。我们调查了重要农业害虫棉铃虫（鳞翅目，夜蛾科）在三大洲的性通讯中地理变异的程度和范围。
我们发现棉铃虫的发声行为没有遗传变异。在雌性性信息素中，我们发现种群间的变异多于种群内的变异。在雄性反应实验中，我们也发现了地理变异。引人注目的是，当向棉铃虫的信息素混合物中添加拮抗化合物 Z11-16:OAc 时，澳大利亚和中国的雄性被捕数量明显减少，但西班牙没有。这种变异不仅可能是由于当地的环境条件，如光周期和温度，还可能是由于存在其他密切相关的物种，可能会发生通讯干扰。
在这种害虫的雌性性信号和雄性反应中发现地理变异，需要使用特定于区域的性信息素诱饵。我们的研究表明，分析鳞翅目雌性性信息素以及雄性反应的地理变异对于有效监测全球范围内发生的害虫物种非常重要。© 2020 作者。 Pest Management Science 由 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 代表化学工业协会出版。
