Rubio-Romero Juan Carlos, Pardo-Ferreira María Del Carmen, Torrecilla-García Juan Antonio, Calero-Castro Santiago
School of Industrial Engineering, Universidad de Málaga, C/Dr. Ortiz Ramos s/n (Teatinos), 29071 Málaga, Spain.
Saf Sci. 2020 Sep;129:104830. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104830. Epub 2020 May 13.
The COVID-19 pandemic is posing a huge global health threat. To deal with this problem, in addition to research and work in the medical field, the main health measures being taken in the workplace and at home involve the establishment of safety protocols, which include distance measures, hygiene and the use of personal protective equipment, such as masks, etc. The WHO still does not recommend the use of masks for the general population. However, their successful use in China, South Korea and the Czech Republic has encouraged their widespread use, and the shortage that already existed. This has caused that companies and individuals are looking at the best way to reuse them, and to manufacture, homemade or not, of non-certified masks. This paper is based on two objectives: to consult the scientific literature to identify the main strategies for disinfecting them, and to determine the effectiveness of non-certified disposable masks. A rapid review has been conducted in which the main publications and other information available online have been analyzed. Results showed that the most promising methods are those that use hydrogen peroxide vapor, ultraviolet radiation, moist heat, dry heat and ozone gas. Soapy water, alcohol, bleach immersion, ethylene oxide, ionizing radiation, microwave, high temperature, autoclave or steam are not fully recommended. Regarding the effectiveness of surgical masks compared to PPE, the former have been seen to be slightly less effective than PPE. As for other types of masks the effectiveness of homemade or non-certified masks is very low.
新冠疫情正对全球健康构成巨大威胁。为应对这一问题，除了医学领域的研究和工作外，在工作场所和家庭采取的主要健康措施包括制定安全协议，其中包括保持社交距离措施、卫生以及使用口罩等个人防护装备。世界卫生组织仍不建议普通民众使用口罩。然而，口罩在中国、韩国和捷克共和国的成功使用促使其广泛应用，且已出现短缺。这使得公司和个人在寻找重复使用口罩的最佳方法，以及制造非认证口罩，无论是否为自制。本文基于两个目标：查阅科学文献以确定口罩消毒的主要策略，并确定非认证一次性口罩的有效性。我们进行了一项快速综述，分析了主要出版物及其他在线可得信息。结果表明，最有前景的方法是使用过氧化氢蒸汽、紫外线辐射、湿热、干热和臭氧气体的方法。肥皂水、酒精、漂白剂浸泡、环氧乙烷、电离辐射、微波、高温、高压灭菌器或蒸汽等方法并不完全推荐。与个人防护装备相比，外科口罩的有效性稍低。至于其他类型的口罩，自制或非认证口罩的有效性非常低。
