Locher Wolfgang G, Feinendegen Dominik L
Institut für Ethik, Geschichte und Theorie der Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München.
Institut für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Zürich-Zollikon.
Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir. 2020 Dec;52(6):545-551. doi: 10.1055/a-1150-7343. Epub 2020 May 14.
The human desire to achieve an improved/better way of looking can be traced back through all times of human history and culminated in the realm of plastic surgery in the beginning of the early 20th century. In particular a main interest was hereby the so-called facelift surgery and the first two German pioneers in this field: Eugen Holländer and Erich Lexer.
The surgeons Eugen Holländer and Erich Lexer contributed to a big part to the development of facelift techniques. The paper aims to highlight in which way both surgeons conducted their research work and the topic of facelift and which findings could be drawn out of their work.
On the basis of old specialist literature and congressional quotations the curriculua vitae of Eugen Holländer and Erich Lexer are portrayed, as well as their professional career and their ground breaking work for facelift surgery and its differences amongst each other.
Both Eugen Holländer and Erich Lexer performed, independently from another, the first facelifts in Germany. Hereby, their operative approach was different. In contrast to Holländer who only performed skin resections for a better tightening of the face, Lexer undermined the skin in an area of multiple centimetres.Even in their suture technique the difference was visible. Lexer for instance conducted a special suture technique by including the fascia temporalis superficialis in his sutures for achieving lasting stability and tension relief. Due to this reason Lexer can be regarded without any doubt as the initial pioneer of modern facelift surgery.
人类追求改善外貌的愿望可追溯至人类历史的各个时期，并在20世纪初在整形手术领域达到顶峰。特别是所谓的面部提升手术以及该领域的两位德国先驱尤金·霍兰德（Eugen Holländer）和埃里希·莱克瑟（Erich Lexer）成为主要关注点。
外科医生尤金·霍兰德和埃里希·莱克瑟在很大程度上推动了面部提升技术的发展。本文旨在突出这两位外科医生开展其研究工作以及面部提升主题的方式，以及从他们的工作中可以得出哪些发现。
基于旧的专业文献和国会引用资料，描绘了尤金·霍兰德和埃里希·莱克瑟的履历，以及他们的职业生涯、他们在面部提升手术方面的开创性工作及其彼此间的差异。
尤金·霍兰德和埃里希·莱克瑟在德国各自独立地进行了首例面部提升手术。在此，他们的手术方法有所不同。与仅进行皮肤切除以更好地收紧面部的霍兰德不同，莱克瑟在数厘米的区域内掀起皮肤。甚至在他们的缝合技术上差异也很明显。例如，莱克瑟采用了一种特殊的缝合技术，在缝合中纳入颞浅筋膜以实现持久的稳定性和张力缓解。因此，莱克瑟无疑可被视为现代面部提升手术的最初先驱。
