Office of Epidemiology and Research, Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, US Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland
Office of Epidemiology and Research, Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, US Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland.
Pediatrics. 2020 Jun;145(6). doi: 10.1542/peds.2019-2244. Epub 2020 May 14.
In this study, we present an epidemiological profile of middle childhood (children aged 6-11 years) using the 2016-2017 National Survey of Children's Health.
We used data from the 2016 and 2017 National Survey of Children's Health, a national cross-sectional, address-based survey administered annually. The study sample included 21 539 children aged 6 to 11 years. Survey items chosen to create this profile of middle childhood described sociodemographic and family characteristics, health status, and behaviors. Weighted descriptive and bivariate analyses were applied to examine the population and differences by subgroups.
Most children aged 6 to 11 years were in excellent or very good physical health (89%) and oral health (73%). More than 20% were considered to have special health care needs, and 20% had at least 2 health conditions. Allergies and asthma were the most prevalent physical conditions, whereas attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and behavioral or conduct problems were the most prevalent of emotional, behavioral, and/or developmental disorders. More than half of children participated in sports or other activities for at least 60 minutes per day, whereas more than one-third of children had ≥4 hours of parent-reported screen time per day, and nearly two-thirds received ≥9 hours of sleep per night. We found several significant differences in screen time and activity behaviors as children aged and by sex.
The middle-childhood population is generally healthy, yet several patterns observed with respect to age and sex indicate a need to examine the emergence and progression of select health-risk behaviors. In this study, we highlight opportunities to implement targeted interventions at earlier ages and different points along the life course.
本研究使用 2016-2017 年全国儿童健康调查的数据，呈现了儿童中期（6-11 岁儿童）的流行病学特征。
我们使用了 2016 年和 2017 年全国儿童健康调查的数据，这是一项全国性的、基于地址的、每年进行的横断面调查。研究样本包括 21539 名 6 至 11 岁的儿童。选择用于创建该儿童中期特征描述的调查项目包括社会人口统计学和家庭特征、健康状况和行为。应用加权描述性和双变量分析来检查人口和亚组之间的差异。
大多数 6-11 岁的儿童身体健康状况（89%）和口腔健康状况（73%）良好。超过 20%的儿童被认为有特殊的医疗保健需求，20%的儿童至少有 2 种健康状况。过敏和哮喘是最常见的身体疾病，而注意力缺陷/多动障碍和行为或行为问题是最常见的情绪、行为和/或发育障碍。超过一半的儿童每天至少参加 60 分钟的运动或其他活动，而超过三分之一的儿童每天有≥4 小时的家长报告的屏幕时间，近三分之二的儿童每晚睡眠时间≥9 小时。我们发现，随着儿童年龄的增长和性别差异，在屏幕时间和活动行为方面存在一些显著差异。
儿童中期人群总体健康，但在年龄和性别方面观察到的一些模式表明，需要检查某些健康风险行为的出现和发展。在这项研究中，我们强调了在更早的年龄和生命历程的不同阶段实施有针对性干预的机会。
