Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States.
Front Immunol. 2020 Apr 29;11:569. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00569. eCollection 2020.
Hyaluronan (HA) is best known as an abundantly present extracellular matrix component found throughout the body of all vertebrates, including humans. Recent evidence, however, has demonstrated benefits of providing HA exogenously as a therapeutic modality for several medical conditions. Here we discuss the effects of providing HA treatment to increase innate host defense of the intestine, elucidate the size specific effects of HA, and discuss the role of various HA receptors as potential mediators of the HA effects in the intestine. This review especially focuses on HA interaction with the epithelium because it is the primary cellular barrier of the intestine and these cells play a critical balancing role between allowing water and nutrient absorption while excluding microbes and harmful dietary metabolites that are constantly in that organ's environment.
透明质酸（HA）作为一种丰富的细胞外基质成分，广泛存在于包括人类在内的所有脊椎动物体内。然而，最近的证据表明，作为一种治疗多种疾病的方法，外源性提供 HA 具有益处。在这里，我们讨论了提供 HA 治疗以增加肠道固有宿主防御的作用，阐明了 HA 的大小特异性作用，并讨论了各种 HA 受体作为 HA 作用在肠道中的潜在介质的作用。本综述特别关注 HA 与上皮细胞的相互作用，因为上皮细胞是肠道的主要细胞屏障，这些细胞在允许水和营养吸收的同时，排除微生物和不断存在于该器官环境中的有害膳食代谢物之间起着至关重要的平衡作用。
