Mehare Tsegaye, Kebede Daniel
Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
Obstet Gynecol Int. 2020 Jan 27;2020:6839416. doi: 10.1155/2020/6839416. eCollection 2020.
Placenta is a complex multifunctional organ that maintains pregnancy and promotes normal fetal development. The fetal outcome is adversely influenced by pathological changes in the placenta because it is a mirror that reflects the intrauterine status of the fetus. Placental abnormalities are considered a leading cause of maternal and prenatal mortality. This study aimed to assess the fetoplacental weight relationship in pregnancy-induced hypertension and abruption placenta and compare with the normal one.
This study designed to assess fetoplacental weight relationships in normal pregnancy and pregnancy complicated by pregnancy-induced hypertension and abruption of placenta among mothers who gave birth in Dilla University Referral Hospital, southern Ethiopia, 2018.
Institution-based comparative cross-sectional study was used on 50 placentas from mothers with pregnancy-induced hypertension, 50 placentas from mothers with abruption of placenta, and 50 placentas from mothers with normal pregnancy (control) with an age range of 19-34 years. The weight of the placenta and newborn were taken and the fetoplacental ratio was calculated.
Placental index as well as the weight of the newborn shows statistically significant ( < 0.001) difference in pregnancy-induced hypertension and abruption placenta group compared with the normal group. The mean of the fetoplacental ratio in the normal group was 5.52 ± 0.07, in pregnancy-induced hypertension was 5.15 ± 0.11, whereas the abruption placenta was 4.99 ± 0.82.
Both PIH and abruption placenta were associated with remarkable changes in the placenta index such as small placental weight and diameter and results in different kinds of congenital anomalies and low birth weight of the baby. Hence, fetoplacental ratio was altered. The lowest fetoplacental ratio was 4.99 for abruption placenta, and the highest was for a normal group of the placenta which was 5.52. Therefore, an examination of the placenta before and after birth guarantees for feto-maternal health.
胎盘是一个复杂的多功能器官，维持妊娠并促进胎儿正常发育。胎盘的病理变化会对胎儿结局产生不利影响，因为它是反映胎儿宫内状况的一面镜子。胎盘异常被认为是孕产妇和产前死亡的主要原因。本研究旨在评估妊娠高血压综合征和胎盘早剥时胎儿与胎盘重量的关系，并与正常情况进行比较。
本研究旨在评估2018年在埃塞俄比亚南部迪拉大学转诊医院分娩的母亲中，正常妊娠、合并妊娠高血压综合征及胎盘早剥的妊娠中胎儿与胎盘重量的关系。
采用基于机构的比较横断面研究，选取50例妊娠高血压综合征母亲的胎盘、50例胎盘早剥母亲的胎盘以及50例正常妊娠母亲（对照组）的胎盘，母亲年龄范围为19 - 34岁。记录胎盘和新生儿的重量，并计算胎儿胎盘比值。
与正常组相比，妊娠高血压综合征组和胎盘早剥组的胎盘指数以及新生儿体重显示出统计学显著差异（<0.001）。正常组胎儿胎盘比值的平均值为5.52±0.07，妊娠高血压综合征组为5.15±0.11，而胎盘早剥组为4.99±0.82。
妊娠高血压综合征和胎盘早剥均与胎盘指数的显著变化相关，如胎盘重量和直径减小，并导致各种先天性异常和婴儿低出生体重。因此，胎儿胎盘比值发生改变。胎盘早剥的胎儿胎盘比值最低为4.99，最高的是正常胎盘组，为5.52。因此，产前和产后对胎盘的检查可保障母婴健康。
