Wiersma-Mosley Jacquelyn D, Ham Lindsay S, Marcantonio Tiffany L, Jozkowski Kristen N, Bridges Ana J
University of Arkansas, United States.
University of Arkansas, United States.
Addict Behav. 2020 Sep;108:106423. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106423. Epub 2020 Mar 30.
Alcohol intoxication, alcohol expectancies, and alcohol valuations are associated with impaired risk detection for victims of sexual assault; these factors may also impair risk detection of bystanders in a potential sexual assault. However, the relationship between expectancies, valuations and alcohol intoxication on bystanders' risk detection abilities has not been examined; the goal of this study was to address this gap in the literature. The current study used an alcohol administration experimental design that assessed 123 young adults' (50% women) alcohol expectancies and valuations, as well as their risk appraisal using a sexual assault vignette. Participants in the alcohol condition (n = 61) reported diminished ability to detect risk when they reported higher positive valuations compared with participants in the control condition (n = 62), but there were no effects of expectancies on bystanders' ability to detect risk in either condition. Risk detection is a crucial step in bystander prevention; alcohol intoxication, in combination with positive alcohol valuations may impede those appraisals.
酒精中毒、对酒精的预期以及对酒精的重视程度与性侵犯受害者的风险察觉受损有关；这些因素也可能损害旁观者对潜在性侵犯的风险察觉。然而，预期、重视程度和酒精中毒对旁观者风险察觉能力的关系尚未得到研究；本研究的目的是填补这一文献空白。当前的研究采用了酒精给药实验设计，评估了123名年轻人（50%为女性）对酒精的预期和重视程度，以及他们使用性侵犯短文进行的风险评估。与对照组（n = 62）的参与者相比，酒精组（n = 61）的参与者报告称，当他们报告更高的积极重视程度时，察觉风险的能力有所下降，但在两种情况下，预期对旁观者察觉风险的能力均无影响。风险察觉是旁观者预防的关键步骤；酒精中毒与对酒精的积极重视程度相结合，可能会阻碍这些评估。
