Infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging analysis of biospecimens.

Infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a technique well suited for analysis of biological specimens. This tutorial review focuses on recent advancements and applications of IR-MALDESI MSI to better understand key biological questions. Through optimization of user-defined source parameters, comprehensive and quantitative MSI data can be obtained for a variety of analytes. The effect of an ice matrix layer is well defined in the context of desorption dynamics and resulting ion abundance. Optimized parameters and careful control of conditions affords quantitative MSI data which provides valuable information for targeted, label-free drug distribution studies and untargeted metabolomic datasets. Challenges and limitations of MSI using IR-MALDESI are addressed in the context of the bioimaging field.