Department of Education, University of Almería, Spain; Health Research Centre, University of Almería, Spain.
Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil; Grupo de Estudos em Psicologia do Esporte e Neurociências (GEPEN), Brazil.
J Affect Disord. 2020 Aug 1;273:223-230. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.04.019. Epub 2020 May 11.
The purpose of the present study is to identify profiles of adolescent exercisers based on exercise addiction symptoms (EA), and to examine differences in several health-related variables potentially related to EA across these profiles.
A sample consisting of 618 adolescents, aged from 13 to 17 years, completed a questionnaire assessing EA, exercise characteristics (i.e., frequency and intensity of exercise), depression, body image (i.e., body appreciation and social physique anxiety), and disordered eating (i.e., concerns about eating and body weight gain as well as restrictive and compensatory practices).
The profile analysis identified three EA profiles, which were labelled: low-risk, high-risk with conflict and high-risk without conflict. Based on their scores for the health-related variables considered, the low-risk profile emerged as the least problematic; this increasing in the high-risk without conflict and even more so in the high-risk with conflict profiles. Nevertheless, individuals belonging to the high-risk without conflict profile showed similar body appreciation scores but lower social physique anxiety scores than those belonging to the low-risk profile.
The study is limited by both its cross-sectional design and the self-reported nature of the collected data.
Conflict symptom may be relevant in explaining the differences in certain health-related variables between adolescents showing similarly high levels of EA.
本研究旨在根据运动成瘾症状（EA）确定青少年锻炼者的特征，并探讨这些特征在不同健康相关变量方面的差异，这些变量可能与 EA 有关。
本研究共纳入 618 名年龄在 13 至 17 岁的青少年，他们完成了一份问卷，评估 EA、运动特征（即运动的频率和强度）、抑郁、身体意象（即身体欣赏和社交身体焦虑）和饮食失调（即对饮食和体重增加的关注以及限制和补偿行为）。
通过对 EA 特征的分析，共确定了三种 EA 特征，分别为低风险、高风险伴冲突和高风险无冲突。根据所考虑的健康相关变量的得分，低风险特征组表现出最小的问题；高风险无冲突特征组的问题逐渐增加，而高风险伴冲突特征组的问题则更为严重。然而，与低风险特征组相比，高风险无冲突特征组的个体表现出相似的身体欣赏评分，但社交身体焦虑评分较低。
本研究受到其横断面设计和所收集数据的自我报告性质的限制。
冲突症状可能与 EA 水平相似的青少年在某些健康相关变量方面的差异有关。
