AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 75005 Paris, France.
AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UMR0791 Mosar, 75005 Paris, France.
Nutrients. 2020 May 14;12(5):1414. doi: 10.3390/nu12051414.
Histidine is an essential amino acid (EAA) in mammals, fish, and poultry. We aim to give an overview of the metabolism and physiological effects of histidine in humans and different animal species through a systematic review following the guidelines of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). In humans, dietary histidine may be associated with factors that improve metabolic syndrome and has an effect on ion absorption. In rats, histidine supplementation increases food intake. It also provides neuroprotection at an early stage and could protect against epileptic seizures. In chickens, histidine is particularly important as a limiting factor for carnosine synthesis, which has strong anti-oxidant effects. In fish, dietary histidine may be one of the most important factors in preventing cataracts. In ruminants, histidine is a limiting factor for milk protein synthesis and could be the first limiting AA for growth. In excess, histidine supplementation can be responsible for eating and memory disorders in humans and can induce growth retardation and metabolic dysfunction in most species. To conclude, the requirements for histidine, like for other EAA, have been derived from growth and AA composition in tissues and also have specific metabolic roles depending on species and dietary levels.
组氨酸是哺乳动物、鱼类和家禽的必需氨基酸（EAA）。我们旨在通过遵循 PRISMA（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）准则的系统评价，概述组氨酸在人类和不同动物物种中的代谢和生理作用。在人类中，饮食中的组氨酸可能与改善代谢综合征的因素有关，并对离子吸收有影响。在大鼠中，补充组氨酸会增加食物摄入量。它还在早期提供神经保护作用，并可能预防癫痫发作。在鸡中，组氨酸作为肉碱合成的限制因素尤为重要，肉碱具有很强的抗氧化作用。在鱼类中，饮食中的组氨酸可能是预防白内障的最重要因素之一。反刍动物中，组氨酸是乳蛋白合成的限制因素，也可能是生长的第一限制氨基酸。过量的组氨酸补充剂会导致人类的饮食和记忆障碍，并在大多数物种中引起生长迟缓和代谢功能障碍。总之，像其他必需氨基酸一样，组氨酸的需求是根据组织中的生长和氨基酸组成得出的，并且根据物种和饮食水平具有特定的代谢作用。
