Gulìa Caterina, Signore Fabrizio, Gaffi Marco, Gigli Silvia, Votino Raffaella, Nucciotti Roberto, Bertacca Luca, Zaami Simona, Baffa Alberto, Santini Edoardo, Porrello Alessandro, Piergentili Roberto
Department of Urology, Misericordia Hospital, 58100 Grosseto, Italy.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Misericordia Hospital, 58100 Grosseto, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2020 May 14;12(5):1238. doi: 10.3390/cancers12051238.
Y RNA are a class of small non-coding RNA that are largely conserved. Although their discovery was almost 40 years ago, their function is still under investigation. This is evident in cancer biology, where their role was first studied just a dozen years ago. Since then, only a few contributions were published, mostly scattered across different tumor types and, in some cases, also suffering from methodological limitations. Nonetheless, these sparse data may be used to make some estimations and suggest routes to better understand the role of Y RNA in cancer formation and characterization. Here we summarize the current knowledge about Y RNA in multiple types of cancer, also including a paragraph about tumors that might be included in this list in the future, if more evidence becomes available. The picture arising indicates that Y RNA might be useful in tumor characterization, also relying on non-invasive methods, such as the analysis of the content of extracellular vesicles (EV) that are retrieved from blood plasma and other bodily fluids. Due to the established role of Y RNA in DNA replication, it is possible to hypothesize their therapeutic targeting to inhibit cell proliferation in oncological patients.
Y RNA是一类高度保守的小非编码RNA。尽管它们在近40年前就被发现了，但其功能仍在研究中。这在癌症生物学中很明显，其作用最早是在十几年前才开始研究的。从那时起，仅有少数相关研究发表，大多分散在不同肿瘤类型中，且在某些情况下还存在方法学上的局限性。尽管如此，这些稀少的数据可用于进行一些估计，并为更好地理解Y RNA在癌症形成和特征描述中的作用提供途径。在此，我们总结了目前关于多种癌症中Y RNA的知识，还包括一段关于如果有更多证据，未来可能会被列入此清单的肿瘤的内容。由此呈现的情况表明，Y RNA可能在肿瘤特征描述中有用，这也依赖于非侵入性方法，比如分析从血浆和其他体液中获取的细胞外囊泡（EV）的内容。由于Y RNA在DNA复制中已确定的作用，有可能推测通过对其进行治疗性靶向来抑制肿瘤患者的细胞增殖。
