Internal Medicine Department, Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.
Unit Research Systemic Diseases (UR) 17DN02, Tunisia.
Curr Rheumatol Rev. 2020;16(2):139-142. doi: 10.2174/1573397115666190916142945.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in males is rare. Clinical and biological features, as well as, the outcome may differ comparatively to female patients. The purpose of our study is to define these clinical and biological features in Tunisian male patients presenting SLE.
A mono-centric, retrospective and descriptive study of 96 patients followed for SLE out of which 21 are males. A comparative study was then performed between male and female patients groups.
Sex-ratio female/male was 3.6/1, the average age at diagnosis of SLE was 37.8±14 years. The most frequently noted clinical manifestations were: skin involvement (81%), renal involvement (71.4%) and joint damage (66.7). We observed a significant difference in clinical features between male and female patients (21 males and 76 females): renal failure (52% vs. 71.4%), serositis (23.8% vs. 2.7%), peripheral neuropathy (19% vs. 4%) and lung interstitial disease (14.3% vs. 1.3%). No significant difference was found in the positivity of serum antibodies between the two groups. Fifteen male patients (71.4%) had a SLEDAI score greater than or equal to 11, referring to high/very high disease activity. Out of the 32 patients who developed infectious complications during the course of the disease, 11 were male (52.4% of males). Concerning the male group, complete remission was observed in 10 patients (47.6%), while 10 others presented persistent sequella. We observed one death in the male group secondary to infective acute respiratory failure.
SLE in male patients is rare and associated with poor prognosis. Disparity was observed in clinical and biological features as well as outcome in the different studies. In our study, we concluded that male lupus is more severe.
男性系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）较为罕见。其临床和生物学特征以及预后可能与女性患者存在差异。本研究旨在明确突尼斯男性SLE 患者的这些临床和生物学特征。
这是一项单中心、回顾性和描述性研究，共纳入 96 例 SLE 患者，其中 21 例为男性。然后对男性和女性患者组进行了比较研究。
男女患者比例为 3.6:1，SLE 的平均诊断年龄为 37.8±14 岁。最常见的临床表现为：皮肤受累（81%）、肾脏受累（71.4%）和关节损伤（66.7%）。我们观察到男性和女性患者的临床特征存在显著差异（21 例男性和 76 例女性）：肾衰竭（52%比 71.4%）、浆膜炎（23.8%比 2.7%）、周围神经病（19%比 4%）和肺间质疾病（14.3%比 1.3%）。两组患者血清抗体的阳性率无显著差异。15 例男性患者（71.4%）的 SLEDAI 评分≥11，提示疾病活动度高/极高。在疾病过程中发生感染性并发症的 32 例患者中，有 11 例是男性（男性的 52.4%）。在男性组中，10 例患者（47.6%）达到完全缓解，而另外 10 例患者则存在持续的后遗症。我们观察到 1 例男性患者因感染性急性呼吸衰竭而死亡。
男性 SLE 较为罕见，且预后较差。不同研究中观察到临床和生物学特征以及结局存在差异。在本研究中，我们得出结论，男性狼疮更为严重。
