Department of Infectious Diseases, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, 1505 North Edgemont Street, 2nd Floor, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
Department of Family Medicine, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Drive, Box 9152, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
Prim Care. 2020 Jun;47(2):351-365. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2020.02.011. Epub 2020 Feb 20.
Adolescents and young adults are at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Several risk factors that strongly contribute to HIV infection risk are described, including physical, cognitive, social, and economic factors. Strategies for screening and prevention of HIV infection, including universal screening, behavioral counseling, and preexposure prophylaxis, are reviewed, and the initial treatment approach to a diagnosis of HIV in adolescents is outlined.
青少年和年轻人感染人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的风险很高。本文描述了几种强烈导致 HIV 感染风险的因素，包括身体、认知、社会和经济因素。本文还回顾了 HIV 感染的筛查和预防策略，包括普遍筛查、行为咨询和暴露前预防，并概述了青少年 HIV 诊断的初始治疗方法。
