Silva Ana Carolina Vieira da, Godoi Dannielle Fernandes, Neves Fabricio Souza
. Curso de Graduação em Medicina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.
. Departamento de Clínica Médica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2020 May 15;66(2):194-200. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.66.2.194.
To describe the current distribution and historical evolution of undergraduate courses in medicine in Brasil.
Analytical cross-sectional study of secondary data. Through the Ministry of Education, the data of the medical courses were obtained, and through the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, the population and economic data of the Brazilian states were obtained.
In Brasil, there were 298 medical courses (1,42 courses / million inhabitants) in January 2018, totaling 31,126 vacancies per year, with 9,217 gratuitous vacancies (29.6%) and 17,963 vacancies in the hinterland (57, 7%). In Brazilian states, there are positive and statistically significant (p <0.001) correlations of the variables: "vacancies" and "population" (R 0.92); "vacancies" and "gross domestic product" ("GDP") (R 0.83); "percentage of vacancies in the hinterland" and "population in the hinterland" (R 0.71) and "percentage of vacancies in the hinterland" and "GDP" (R 0.64). There was a negative and statistically significant correlation between "gratuitous vacancy percentage" and "GDP" (R -0.54, p = 0.003). More paid courses than gratuitous courses and more courses in the hinterland than in the capitals have been created since 1964, in proportions that have remained similar since then, but in higher numbers since 2002.
The distribution of medical courses in Brasil correlates with the population and economical production of each state. The expansion of Brazilian medical education, which has been accelerated since 2002, is based mainly on paid courses in the hinterland, in the same pattern since 1964.
描述巴西本科医学课程的当前分布及历史演变。
对二手数据进行分析性横断面研究。通过教育部获取医学课程数据，通过巴西地理与统计研究所获取巴西各州的人口和经济数据。
2018年1月，巴西有298个医学课程（每百万居民中有1.42个课程），每年共有31,126个空缺名额，其中9,217个免费名额（29.6%），17,963个名额位于内地（57.7%）。在巴西各州，变量“空缺名额”与“人口”（R = 0.92）、“空缺名额”与“国内生产总值”（“GDP”）（R = 0.83）、“内地空缺名额百分比”与“内地人口”（R = 0.71）以及“内地空缺名额百分比”与“GDP”（R = 0.64）之间存在正相关且具有统计学意义（p < 0.001）。“免费空缺名额百分比”与“GDP”之间存在负相关且具有统计学意义（R = -0.54，p = 0.003）。自1964年以来，创建的付费课程多于免费课程，内地的课程多于首都的课程，自那时起比例一直相似，但自2002年以来数量更多。
巴西医学课程的分布与每个州的人口和经济生产相关。自2002年以来加速的巴西医学教育扩张主要基于内地的付费课程，自1964年以来模式相同。
