Associação Brasileira de Ensino Odontológico - ABENO, FOUSP/ABENO Station of the Observatory of Human Resources in Health Network, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Braz Oral Res. 2020 Nov 13;35:e009. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0009. eCollection 2020.
This study analyzed the consequences of the disordered expansion of Dentistry courses on the distribution of professionals, the job market, and limitations of the National System of Higher Education Assessment (SINAES) developed as a guarantee of education quality. This observational, descriptive, and analytical study used secondary data from several official databases. The number of courses was obtained from the e-MEC registry. From the Higher Education Census, the study collected historical series of courses offered, number of candidates per open seat, number of individuals who initiated and completed the course, and information about professors in the public and private schools. The reports related to Dentistry courses from the National Health Council were also analyzed. The performance of undergraduate students was assessed from synthesis reports of Enade from 2004 to 2016. The number of dentists and their regional distribution was based on the Federal Dental Council, and Brazilian population and gross domestic product were collected from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Dentistry courses in Brazil grew exponentially from 1856 to 2020; among the 544 authorized courses, 82 currently have not yet started their activities. The fast expansion of courses in Brazil has worsened the regional asymmetries in the supply of dentist, and the SINAES has not been able to fully assure the quality of Dentistry courses. Brazilian dentistry, which has increased its scientific and technological development since the 19th century, with outstanding intellectual production, is at risk of a collapse due to a plethora of dentists.
本研究分析了牙科学课程无序扩张对专业人员分布、就业市场以及作为教育质量保障的国家高等教育评估系统（SINAES）发展的限制所产生的后果。这是一项观察性、描述性和分析性研究，使用了来自多个官方数据库的二手数据。课程数量取自 e-MEC 注册处。从高等教育普查中，研究收集了课程开设的历史系列数据、每个空缺职位的候选人人数、开始和完成课程的人数以及公立和私立学校教授的信息。还分析了国家卫生委员会关于牙科学课程的报告。从 2004 年到 2016 年，国家评估和考试服务机构（Enade）的综合报告评估了本科生的表现。牙医人数及其地区分布基于联邦牙医委员会，巴西人口和国内生产总值则取自巴西地理和统计研究所。巴西的牙科学课程从 1856 年到 2020 年呈指数级增长；在 544 个授权课程中，目前有 82 个尚未开始运营。课程的快速扩张加剧了牙医供应的地区不平衡，而 SINAES 还未能完全保证牙科学课程的质量。自 19 世纪以来，巴西的牙科学一直在增加其科技发展，拥有杰出的知识生产，但由于牙医过剩，其面临崩溃的风险。
