Manna Debashri, Sarkar Devanand
Massey Cancer Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2020 May 15;12(5):1243. doi: 10.3390/cancers12051243.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the primary liver cancer arising from hepatocytes, is a universal health problem and one of the most common malignant tumors. Surgery followed by chemotherapy as well as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as sorafenib, are primary treatment procedures for HCC, but recurrence of disease because of therapy resistance results in high mortality. It is necessary to identify novel regulators of HCC for developing effective targeted therapies that can significantly interfere with progression of the disease process. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are an abundant group of versatile RNA transcripts that do not translate into proteins, rather serve as potentially functional RNAs. The role of ncRNAs in regulating diverse aspects of the carcinogenesis process are gradually being elucidated. Recent advances in RNA sequencing technology have identified a plethora of ncRNAs regulating all aspects of hepatocarcinogenesis process and serving as potential prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers. The present review provides a comprehensive description of the biological roles of ncRNAs in disease process and therapy resistance, and potential clinical application of these ncRNAs in HCC.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是起源于肝细胞的原发性肝癌，是一个全球性的健康问题，也是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。手术联合化疗以及酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKIs），如索拉非尼，是HCC的主要治疗方法，但由于治疗耐药导致的疾病复发会导致高死亡率。有必要确定HCC的新型调节因子，以开发能够显著干扰疾病进程的有效靶向治疗方法。非编码RNA（ncRNAs）是一类丰富的多功能RNA转录本，它们不翻译成蛋白质，而是作为潜在的功能性RNA。ncRNAs在调节致癌过程各个方面的作用正逐渐被阐明。RNA测序技术的最新进展已经鉴定出大量调节肝癌发生过程各个方面并作为潜在预后或诊断生物标志物的ncRNAs。本综述全面描述了ncRNAs在疾病进程和治疗耐药中的生物学作用，以及这些ncRNAs在HCC中的潜在临床应用。
