Hannover Medical School, Gynaecology Research Unit, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
Hannover Medical School, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
Nutrients. 2020 May 15;12(5):1432. doi: 10.3390/nu12051432.
Vitamin D is a well-known secosteroid and guardian of bone health and calcium homeostasis. Studies on its role in immunomodulatory functions have expanded its field in recent years. In addition to its impact on human physiology, vitamin D influences the differentiation and proliferation of immune system modulators, interleukin expression and antimicrobial responses. Furthermore, it has been shown that vitamin D is synthesized in female reproductive tissues and, by modulating the immune system, affects the periconception period and reproductive outcomes. B cells, T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells can all synthesize active vitamin D and are involved in processes which occur from fertilization, implantation and maintenance of pregnancy. Components of vitamin D synthesis are expressed in the ovary, decidua, endometrium and placenta. An inadequate vitamin D level has been associated with recurrent implantation failure and pregnancy loss and is associated with pregnancy-related disorders like preeclampsia. This paper reviews the most important data on immunomodulatory vitamin D effects in relation to the immune system from periconception to pregnancy and provides an insight into the possible consequences of vitamin D deficiency before and during pregnancy.
维生素 D 是一种众所周知的甾体激素，对骨骼健康和钙稳态具有重要作用。近年来，关于其免疫调节功能的研究扩展了其作用领域。除了对人体生理学的影响外，维生素 D 还影响免疫系统调节剂的分化和增殖、白细胞介素表达和抗菌反应。此外，已经表明维生素 D 在女性生殖组织中合成，并通过调节免疫系统影响围孕期和生殖结局。B 细胞、T 细胞、巨噬细胞和树突状细胞都可以合成活性维生素 D，并参与从受精、着床到妊娠维持的过程。维生素 D 合成的成分在卵巢、蜕膜、子宫内膜和胎盘表达。维生素 D 水平不足与反复着床失败和妊娠丢失有关，并与子痫前期等与妊娠相关的疾病有关。本文综述了围孕期到妊娠期间与免疫系统相关的免疫调节维生素 D 作用的最重要数据，并探讨了妊娠前和妊娠期间维生素 D 缺乏的可能后果。
