Schoren Claire, Hummel Karin, de Vries Hein
Maastricht University, Netherlands.
Tob Prev Cessat. 2017 Apr 1;3:8. doi: 10.18332/tpc/69392. eCollection 2017.
This study examined vaping behaviour, precursors of vaping, and motivational differences between smokers, dual users and vapers. The objectives were to assess a) vaping characteristics and reasons for use, b) differences in motivational factors and behavioural precursors associated with e-cigarette use, and c) socio-demographic and motivational factors associated with electronic cigarette use.
A cross-sectional survey among 259 vapers, 135 smokers, and 83 dual users was conducted in the Netherlands. The questionnaire, based on the I-Change Model, assessed demographics, smoking and vaping behaviour, quit attempt, attitudes towards e-cigarettes, social influences, self-efficacy about not to vape and intention to quit.
Vaping e-cigarettes was mostly started for health reasons. Less than 2% of the vapers had never used conventional cigarettes. Vapers reported most advantages of e-cigarettes whereas smokers were least convinced of them, encountered more modelling of vaping in their social environment and reported higher self-efficacy to control vaping. Older respondents and respondents with low levels of education and low income were more likely to use e-cigarettes instead of conventional cigarettes.
Although vaping was mostly started for health reasons, the use of the product was not strictly limited to (former) smokers. Health communication for non-smokers is needed to stress potential dangers. Both vapers and non-vapers encounter barriers for using e-cigarettes in difficult situations. If e-cigarettes are used as a smoking cessation tool, more information is needed to help users cope with these situations. For future interventions we recommend to take potential motivational differences among low and high income and educated groups into account.
本研究调查了吸电子烟行为、吸电子烟的先兆以及吸烟者、双重使用者和电子烟使用者之间的动机差异。目标是评估：a）电子烟的使用特征和原因；b）与电子烟使用相关的动机因素和行为先兆的差异；c）与电子烟使用相关的社会人口统计学和动机因素。
在荷兰对259名电子烟使用者、135名吸烟者和83名双重使用者进行了横断面调查。基于行为改变模型的问卷评估了人口统计学、吸烟和吸电子烟行为、戒烟尝试、对电子烟的态度、社会影响、不吸电子烟的自我效能感以及戒烟意愿。
吸电子烟大多是出于健康原因开始的。不到2%的电子烟使用者从未使用过传统香烟。电子烟使用者报告了电子烟的大多数优点，而吸烟者对此最不认同，他们在社交环境中看到更多吸电子烟的示范，并且报告有更高的控制吸电子烟的自我效能感。年龄较大的受访者以及教育程度低和收入低的受访者更有可能使用电子烟而不是传统香烟。
尽管吸电子烟大多是出于健康原因开始的，但该产品的使用并不严格限于（前）吸烟者。需要对非吸烟者进行健康宣传，以强调潜在危险。无论是电子烟使用者还是非使用者在困难情况下使用电子烟都存在障碍。如果将电子烟用作戒烟工具，则需要更多信息来帮助使用者应对这些情况。对于未来的干预措施，我们建议考虑低收入和高收入群体以及受教育群体之间潜在的动机差异。
