Department of Pediatrics and Department of Health Sciences, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Food Funct. 2020 Jun 24;11(6):5115-5121. doi: 10.1039/c9fo02551k.
This study aimed to investigate the association between DNA damage and blood levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), retinol, beta-carotene and riboflavin in Brazilian children and adolescents. Subjects (n = 140) were healthy boys and girls aged 9 to 13 years in Ribeirão Preto (SP, Brazil). Data collection included anthropometry, assessment of energy intake and blood sampling. DNA damage was evaluated by single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to verify associations between blood concentrations of vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids and DNA damage. Multiple regression analyses, k-means cluster, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), adjusted for confounding variables such as age, sex, energy intake, body mass index and total cholesterol (when needed), were applied to confirm the associations. PCA explained 69.4% of the inverse relationships between DNA damage and blood levels of DHA, EPA, retinol, and beta-carotene. Results were confirmed by ANCOVA and multiple regression analyses for DHA and EPA. In conclusion, omega-3-fatty acids were inversely associated with DNA damage in Brazilian children and adolescents and may be a protective factor against the development of future diseases.
本研究旨在探讨巴西儿童和青少年的 DNA 损伤与二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、视黄醇、β-胡萝卜素和核黄素血液水平之间的关系。研究对象为年龄在 9 至 13 岁的里贝朗普雷图（巴西圣保罗州）健康男童和女童（n = 140）。数据收集包括人体测量学、能量摄入评估和血液采样。通过单细胞凝胶电泳（彗星试验）评估 DNA 损伤。主成分分析（PCA）用于验证维生素、多不饱和脂肪酸和 DNA 损伤之间的血液浓度的关联。多元回归分析、k-均值聚类和协方差分析（ANCOVA），在需要时，根据年龄、性别、能量摄入、体重指数和总胆固醇等混杂变量进行调整，用于确认关联。PCA 解释了 DNA 损伤与 DHA、EPA、视黄醇和β-胡萝卜素血液水平之间的 69.4%的反比关系。DHA 和 EPA 的 ANCOVA 和多元回归分析结果证实了这一关系。总之，ω-3 脂肪酸与巴西儿童和青少年的 DNA 损伤呈负相关，可能是预防未来疾病发生的保护因素。
