Alson H. Smith Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Winchester, VA.
USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Kearneysville, WV.
J Econ Entomol. 2020 Aug 13;113(4):2016-2021. doi: 10.1093/jee/toaa077.
Since the initial detection of the invasive Halyomorpha halys (Stål) in the United States in the late 1990s, this insect has emerged as a severe agricultural and nuisance pest. Nuisance problems are due to adult dispersal to overwintering sites in the fall at which time they alight onto and eventually settle within human-made structures in addition to natural harborage. This study examined how three factors, elevation, light, and moisture affected overwintering site selection by H. halys in the mid-Atlantic. Observational counts performed along elevational transects revealed elevation was significant predictor of H. halys abundance during both years of the study in 2014 and 2015 with more adults observed at higher elevations. Choice tests examining effects of moisture and light on settling behavior demonstrated H. halys settled within overwintering shelter boxes in significantly greater numbers when shelters were dry compared with those having moist conditions, and in darkened shelters compared with those augmented with LED lights. Our findings indicate that H. halys use cues at both landscape and very localized levels when seeking and selecting overwintering sites.
自 20 世纪 90 年代末在美国首次发现入侵性的东方果实蝇（Halyomorpha halys）以来，这种昆虫已成为严重的农业和滋扰害虫。滋扰问题是由于成虫在秋季扩散到越冬场所，此时它们会降落在人为建筑物上，并最终在这些建筑物内以及自然栖息地中定居。本研究调查了海拔、光照和湿度这三个因素如何影响东方果实蝇在大西洋中部的越冬场所选择。在 2014 年和 2015 年的研究中，沿着海拔梯度进行的观测计数显示，海拔是影响 H. halys 丰度的重要预测因子，在较高海拔处观察到的成虫数量更多。选择测试研究了湿度和光照对定居行为的影响，结果表明，与潮湿条件相比，果实蝇在干燥的越冬庇护箱中定居的数量明显更多，与有 LED 灯增强光照的庇护箱相比，果实蝇在黑暗的庇护箱中定居的数量更多。我们的研究结果表明，H. halys 在寻找和选择越冬场所时，会利用景观和非常局部化的线索。
