Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Appl Health Econ Health Policy. 2020 Jun;18(3):345-350. doi: 10.1007/s40258-020-00595-4.
The outbreak of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a public health emergency of international concern. The number of COVID-infected individuals and related deaths continues to rise rapidly. Encouraging people to adopt and sustain preventive behaviors is a central focus of public health policies that seek to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. Public health policy needs improved methods to encourage people to adhere to COVID-19-preventive behaviors. In this paper, we introduce a number of insights from behavioral economics that help explain why people may behave irrationally during the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, present bias, status quo bias, framing effect, optimism bias, affect heuristic, and herding behavior are discussed. We hope this paper will shed light on how insights from behavioral economics can enrich public health policies and interventions in the fight against COVID-19.
2019 冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的爆发已成为国际关注的公共卫生紧急事件。COVID-19 感染人数和相关死亡人数继续迅速上升。鼓励人们采取并坚持预防行为是公共卫生政策的核心重点，这些政策旨在减轻 COVID-19 的传播。公共卫生政策需要改进方法来鼓励人们坚持 COVID-19 预防行为。在本文中，我们介绍了一些行为经济学的观点，这些观点有助于解释为什么人们在 COVID-19 大流行期间可能会做出不合理的行为。特别是，讨论了现时偏见、现状偏见、框架效应、乐观偏见、情感启发和羊群行为。我们希望本文将阐明行为经济学的观点如何丰富对抗 COVID-19 的公共卫生政策和干预措施。
