School of Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, People's Republic of China.
School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Aug;27(23):29171-29190. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-09100-9. Epub 2020 May 20.
The problem of haze pollution in China is still serious, and it is an important issue how to measure and improve environmental regulation efficiency of haze control (EREHC) in China. To explore the spatial evolution characteristics and influencing factors of EREHC in each province in China, this paper builds an evaluation system for EREHC in China and calculates EREHC values in 30 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in China from 2003 to 2015 through the super-efficiency slacks-based measure (SE-SBM) model. Moreover, the influencing factors and the driving mechanism of EREHC in China are examined by using the Theil index, Moran's I index, and the geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model. The results are as follows. (1) During the sample period, EREHC in each province in China is mostly favorable, and the average efficiency value is approximately 0.5. EREHC has been declining only in some regions in China. (2) EREHC in eastern China is the best, followed by western China, and EREHC in central China is the lowest. The inter-regional difference in EREHC has been declining over time. (3) EREHC is positively correlated with economic level, the industrial upgrading, and the opening to the outside world, but negatively correlated with energy mix and labor force quality. The positive and negative effects of the level of scientific and technological input are different among the three economic regions. The results indicate that EREHC in China is generally at low level, which presents the spatial difference characteristic of "High East and Low West." It will help improve regional EREHC to raise the level of regional economic development, deepen industrial upgrading, and open to the outside world.
中国的雾霾污染问题仍然严峻，如何衡量和提高中国雾霾治理环境监管效率（EREHC）是一个重要问题。为了探讨中国各省份 EREHC 的空间演变特征及其影响因素，本文构建了中国 EREHC 评价体系，并利用超效率松弛基测度（SE-SBM）模型计算了 2003 年至 2015 年中国 30 个省、自治区和直辖市的 EREHC 值。此外，还通过泰尔指数、莫兰指数和时空加权回归（GTWR）模型，检验了中国 EREHC 的影响因素及其驱动机制。结果表明：（1）在样本期内，中国各省份的 EREHC 大多处于有利状态，平均效率值约为 0.5。仅有部分地区的 EREHC 呈下降趋势。（2）中国东部的 EREHC 最好，其次是西部，中部的 EREHC 最低。EREHC 的区域间差异随时间逐渐缩小。（3）EREHC 与经济水平、产业升级和对外开放呈正相关，与能源结构和劳动力素质呈负相关。科技投入的正负效应在三个经济区域之间存在差异。结果表明，中国的 EREHC 总体水平较低，呈现“东高西低”的空间差异特征。提高区域 EREHC 将有助于提高区域经济发展水平、深化产业升级和对外开放水平。
