Bravo Lidia, Llorca-Torralba Meritxell, Suárez-Pereira Irene, Berrocoso Esther
Neuropsychopharmacology and Psychobiology Research Group, Department of Neuroscience, University of Cádiz, 11003 Cádiz, Spain; Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias Biomédicas de Cádiz, INiBICA, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Avda. Ana de Viya 21, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias Biomédicas de Cádiz, INiBICA, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Avda. Ana de Viya 21, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Neuropsychopharmacology and Psychobiology Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 Aug;115:96-115. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.04.029. Epub 2020 May 11.
Pain is the most common symptom reported in clinical practice, meaning that it is associated with many pathologies as either the origin or a consequence of other illnesses. Furthermore, pain is a complex emotional and sensorial experience, as the correspondence between pain and body damage varies considerably. While these issues are widely acknowledged in clinical pain research, until recently they have not been extensively considered when exploring animal models, important tools for understanding pain pathophysiology. Interestingly, chronic pain is currently considered a risk factor to suffer psychiatric disorders, mainly stress-related disorders like anxiety and depression. Conversely, pain appears to be altered in many psychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety and schizophrenia. Thus, pain and psychiatric disorders have been linked in epidemiological and clinical terms, although the neurobiological mechanisms involved in this pathological bidirectional relationship remain unclear. Here we review the evidence obtained from animal models about the co-morbidity of pain and psychiatric disorders, placing special emphasis on the different dimensions of pain.
疼痛是临床实践中报告的最常见症状，这意味着它与许多病理状况相关，既是其他疾病的起因，也是其结果。此外，疼痛是一种复杂的情感和感官体验，因为疼痛与身体损伤之间的对应关系差异很大。虽然这些问题在临床疼痛研究中已得到广泛认可，但直到最近，在探索动物模型（理解疼痛病理生理学的重要工具）时，它们尚未得到广泛考虑。有趣的是，慢性疼痛目前被认为是患精神疾病的一个风险因素，主要是与压力相关的疾病，如焦虑和抑郁。相反，在许多精神疾病中，如抑郁症、焦虑症和精神分裂症，疼痛似乎会发生改变。因此，尽管这种病理双向关系所涉及的神经生物学机制尚不清楚，但疼痛与精神疾病在流行病学和临床方面已存在关联。在此，我们回顾从动物模型中获得的关于疼痛与精神疾病共病的证据，特别强调疼痛的不同维度。
