Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Cancer Causes Control. 2020 Aug;31(8):713-721. doi: 10.1007/s10552-020-01311-2. Epub 2020 May 21.
Hispanic men in the USA experience the second-highest incidence rate of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs), behind non-Hispanic (NH) White men, and have experienced steep increases in TGCT in recent decades. It is unknown whether increases in incidence differ according to neighborhood sociodemographic factors.
We conducted a population-based study of n = 3759 Hispanic and n = 8469 NH White men (n = 12,228 total) diagnosed with TGCT in California during the three most recent pericensal periods. We calculated incidence rates according to neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) and among Hispanics, according to ethnic enclave. We calculated incidence rate ratios to compare rates across nSES and ethnic enclave and to examine changes in rates over pericensal time periods according to these neighborhood factors for major histologic types (i.e., seminoma and nonseminoma).
Hispanic men residing in high SES, compared to low SES, neighborhoods had greater incidence of seminoma and nonseminoma testicular cancer across pericensal periods, as did Hispanic men in low enclave (less ethnic), compared to high enclave, neighborhoods. Between the periods 1998-2002 and 2008-2012, Hispanic men residing in low SES neighborhoods experienced a 39% increased incidence of seminoma, while those residing in low and middle SES neighborhoods experienced 87% and 48% increased incidence of nonseminoma, respectively.
While TGCT incidence has increased among all Hispanic men, incidence increases appear to be driven disproportionately by those residing in lower SES and lower enclave neighborhoods, particularly for nonseminoma.
在美国，西班牙裔男性的睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤（TGCT）发病率位居第二，仅次于非西班牙裔（NH）白种男性，并且在最近几十年中 TGCT 的发病率急剧上升。目前尚不清楚发病率的增加是否因邻里社会人口因素而异。
我们对在加利福尼亚州最近三个时期内被诊断患有 TGCT 的 n = 3759 名西班牙裔和 n = 8469 名 NH 白种男性（共 n = 12228 名）进行了一项基于人群的研究。我们根据邻里社会经济地位（nSES）计算了发病率，并根据西班牙裔的种族飞地（ethnic enclave）计算了发病率。我们计算了发病率比，以比较不同 nSES 和种族飞地的发病率，并根据这些邻里因素检查主要组织学类型（即精原细胞瘤和非精原细胞瘤）在不同时期的发病率变化。
与低 SES 邻里相比，居住在高 SES 邻里的西班牙裔男性在所有时期的精原细胞瘤和非精原细胞瘤 TGCT 发病率均较高，而居住在低飞地（较少种族）的西班牙裔男性的发病率也较高。在 1998-2002 年和 2008-2012 年期间，居住在低 SES 邻里的西班牙裔男性的精原细胞瘤发病率增加了 39%，而居住在低 SES 和中 SES 邻里的男性的非精原细胞瘤发病率分别增加了 87%和 48%。
尽管所有西班牙裔男性的 TGCT 发病率都有所增加，但发病率的增加似乎主要由居住在较低 SES 和较低飞地邻里的男性驱动，尤其是非精原细胞瘤。
