Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal.
Departamento de Desporto e Educação Física, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2020 May 18;56(5):241. doi: 10.3390/medicina56050241.
The aim of this study was to assess and compare the drag and energy cost of three cyclists assessed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and analytical procedures. A transradial (Tr) and transtibial (Tt) were compared to a full-body cyclist at different speeds. An elite male cyclist with 65 kg of mass and 1.72 m of height volunteered for this research with his competition cloths, helmet and bicycle with 5 kg of mass. A 3D model of the bicycle and cyclist in the upright position was obtained for numerical simulations. Upon that, two more models were created, simulating elbow and knee-disarticulated athletes. Numerical simulations by computational fluid dynamics and analytical procedures were computed to assess drag and energy cost, respectively. One-Way ANOVA presented no significant differences between cyclists for drag ( = 0.041; = 0.960; = 0.002) and energy cost ( = 0.42; = 0.908; = 0.002). Linear regression presented a very high adjustment for absolute drag values between able-bodied and Tr ( = 1.000; = 1.000; = 0.200) and Tt ( = 1.00; = 1.000; = 0.160). The linear regression for energy cost presented a very high adjustment for absolute values between able-bodied and Tr ( = 1.000; = 1.000; = 0.570) and Tt ( = 1.00; = 1.00; = 0.778). This study suggests that drag and energy cost was lower in the able-bodied, followed by the Tr and Tt cyclists.
本研究旨在评估和比较三种通过计算流体动力学 (CFD) 和分析程序评估的自行车运动员的阻力和能量消耗。 在不同速度下，比较了一位桡骨(transradial, Tr) 和胫骨 (transtibial, Tt) 运动员与全身运动员。 一位 65 公斤体重、1.72 米身高的精英男性自行车运动员自愿参加了这项研究，穿着比赛服、头盔和 5 公斤重的自行车。 为数值模拟获得了自行车和直立位置自行车运动员的 3D 模型。 在此基础上，又创建了两个模型，模拟肘部和膝盖脱臼的运动员。 通过计算流体动力学和分析程序进行数值模拟，分别评估阻力和能量消耗。 单向方差分析 (One-Way ANOVA) 显示，对于阻力（ = 0.041； = 0.960； = 0.002）和能量消耗（ = 0.42； = 0.908； = 0.002），运动员之间没有显著差异。 线性回归显示，健全人与 Tr（ = 1.000； = 1.000； = 0.200）和 Tt（ = 1.00； = 1.000； = 0.160）之间的绝对阻力值具有非常高的调整。 对于能量消耗的绝对值，健全人与 Tr（ = 1.000； = 1.000； = 0.570）和 Tt（ = 1.00； = 1.00； = 0.778）之间的线性回归也具有非常高的调整。 本研究表明，健全人、Tr 和 Tt 自行车运动员的阻力和能量消耗较低。
