Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Ming-Shung, Chiayi County, 62102, Taiwan.
School of Civil Engineering and Surveying and International Centre for Applied Climate Science, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2021 May;193(5):1266-1283. doi: 10.1007/s12010-020-03335-5. Epub 2020 May 23.
The study targeted an assessment of microbial diversity during oil spill in the marine ecosystem (Kaohsiung port, Taiwan) and screened dominant indigenous bacteria for oil degradation, as well as UCM weathering. DO was detected lower and TDS/conductivity was observed higher in oil-spilled area, compared to the control, where a significant correlation (R = 1; P < 0.0001) was noticed between DO and TDS. The relative abundance (RA) of microbial taxa and diversities (> 90% similarity by NGS) were found higher in the boundary region of spilled-oily-water (site B) compared to the control (site C) and center of the oil spill area (site A) (B > C > A). The isolated indigenous bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus (CYCTW1), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (CYCTW2), and Bacillus megaterium (CYCTW3) degraded the C-C including UCM of oil, where Bacillus sp. are exhibited more efficient, which are applicable for environmental cleanup of the oil spill area. Thus, the marine microbial diversity changes due to oil spill and the marine microbial community play an important role to biodegrade the oil, besides restoring the catastrophic disorders through changing their diversity by ecological selection and adaptation process.
该研究旨在评估海洋生态系统（台湾高雄港）溢油事件中的微生物多样性，并筛选出具有降解石油和风化 UCM 能力的优势土著细菌。与对照相比，溢油区的溶解氧（DO）较低，总溶解固体（TDS）/电导率较高，其中 DO 和 TDS 之间存在显著相关性（R = 1；P < 0.0001）。通过 NGS 检测到，在溢油边界区（B 区）的微生物分类群和多样性的相对丰度（> 90%相似性）高于对照区（C 区）和溢油中心区（A 区）（B > C > A）。分离的土著细菌，如腐生葡萄球菌（CYCTW1）、腐生葡萄球菌（CYCTW2）和巨大芽孢杆菌（CYCTW3）降解了包括 UCM 在内的 C-C 烃类，其中芽孢杆菌属表现出更高的效率，可用于溢油区的环境清理。因此，由于溢油，海洋微生物多样性发生了变化，海洋微生物群落对于石油的生物降解起着重要作用，此外，通过生态选择和适应过程改变其多样性来恢复灾难性的紊乱。
