Environmental Protection Agency, Ferozepur road, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, Punjab, 38000, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Aug;27(23):29567-29579. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-09256-4. Epub 2020 May 22.
Wastewater irrigation to grow fodder for animals and cattle farming is common practice in Pakistan. Hence, this study was conducted in Multan, Pakistan, to assess heavy metal pollution, human health risk and the total target health quotient (TTHQ) of heavy metals in raw milk of buffalo feeding at different agricultural farms and to identify sources of toxicity in milk. Samples of raw milk (n = 60) were analyzed for Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Pb by ICP-OES, Perkin Elmer, USA. The TTHQ values of heavy metals ranged from 6.92 to 42.44 in raw milk of buffalo, highest at wastewater-irrigated agricultural farms and lowest at tube well water site, indicating high carcinogenic health risk to exposed population. The multivariate statistical analysis revealed that contaminated fodder like Maize and Brassica plants grown with wastewater and contaminated soil are common sources contributing the heavy metal contamination in raw milk. It invites attention of government to remediate the situation to avoid the potential risks to public health from resulting food chain contamination.
在巴基斯坦，用污水灌溉来种植动物饲料和饲养牲畜是常见做法。因此，本研究在巴基斯坦木尔坦进行，旨在评估不同农业农场的水牛食用的生奶中的重金属污染、人类健康风险以及重金属的总目标健康商数（TTHQ），并确定牛奶中毒性的来源。通过电感耦合等离子体- 原子发射光谱法（ICP-OES），使用美国珀金埃尔默仪器公司对 60 份生奶样本进行了 Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni 和 Pb 的分析。生奶中重金属的 TTHQ 值范围为 6.92 至 42.44，在污水灌溉农业农场的生奶中最高，在管井水中的生奶中最低，表明暴露人群面临着很高的致癌健康风险。多元统计分析显示，受污染的饲料，如用污水和受污染的土壤种植的玉米和芥菜植物，是导致生奶中重金属污染的常见来源。这引起了政府的注意，需要采取措施加以补救，以避免食物链污染对公众健康造成的潜在风险。
