Heath B, Ettlinger G, Brown J V
Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, FRG.
Perception. 1988;17(4):535-47. doi: 10.1068/p170535.
In order to evaluate the importance of the axis of stimulus presentation, inter- and intramanual recognition of mirror pairs was studied with the stimulus materials aligned along the front/back axis (whereas in previous work the mirror pairs were aligned along the left/right axis). Children were allowed to feel shapes with the whole hand, with only four fingers (excluding the thumb), or with only the index finger. After learning with one hand, recognition was tested in experiment 1 with the other hand; after learning with one orientation of the hand (palm down or up), recognition was tested in experiment 2 with the other orientation (palm up or down) of the same hand; after learning with one coronal alignment of the hand (to the left or right), recognition was tested in experiment 3 with the other alignment (to the right or left), but without rotation, of the same hand. Significantly fewer intermanual recognition errors were made on mirror pairs with the materials oriented along the front/back axis than in previous work when oriented along the left/right axis. This supports the suggestion that such errors arise when the stimuli are oriented along the left/right axis during formation of the memory trace. The same trend was unexpectedly obtained for intramanual recognition errors (after rotation of the hand). These errors (after hand rotation) are largely due to coding with respect to the hand; they are reduced when the hand is not aligned with the body axis, since then coding can also occur in relation to the environment.
为了评估刺激呈现轴的重要性，我们使用沿着前后轴排列的刺激材料研究了镜像对的手间和手内识别（而在之前的研究中，镜像对是沿着左右轴排列的）。让儿童用整只手、只用四根手指（不包括拇指）或只用食指去触摸形状。在用一只手学习后，在实验1中用另一只手进行识别测试；在用手的一种朝向（掌心向下或向上）学习后，在实验2中用同一只手的另一种朝向（掌心向上或向下）进行识别测试；在用手的一种冠状对齐方式（向左或向右）学习后，在实验3中用同一只手的另一种对齐方式（向右或向左）但不旋转进行识别测试。与之前沿着左右轴排列材料的研究相比，当材料沿着前后轴排列时，镜像对手间识别错误明显减少。这支持了这样一种观点，即当记忆痕迹形成过程中刺激沿着左右轴定向时会出现此类错误。对于手内识别错误（手旋转后）意外地得到了相同的趋势。这些错误（手旋转后）很大程度上归因于相对于手的编码；当手不与身体轴对齐时，这些错误会减少，因为那时编码也可以相对于环境进行。
