College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Sep 1;733:139301. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139301. Epub 2020 May 11.
Accurate biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emission estimations are essential for developing effective air pollution control measures. Chinese BVOC emissions were calculated at a spatial resolution of 36 km × 36 km for 2008-2018 using the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature. A statistical method was developed to obtain more accurate emission rates based on large numbers of observations from China and other countries. The most detailed and accurate vegetation investigations at high resolutions were used to determine the distributions of leaf biomass and coverage for 82 vegetation species and types. The results show that the national BVOCs emissions in China in 2018 were large, 58.89 Tg, with isoprene, monoterpene, sesquiterpene, and other VOCs accounting for 63.60%, 11.35%, 2.18%, and 22.87% of the emissions, respectively. Broadleaf trees exhibited the largest isoprene and total BVOC emissions. The biogenic emissions and compositions displayed strong seasonal variations, and isoprene was significantly more sensitive to seasonality. The emissions were concentrated in the Greater Khingan Mountain, Changbai Mountain, Qinling Mountain, southeast and southwest forest areas, and Hainan Province because of their larger distributions of broadleaf trees with higher emission potentials. During 2008-2018, BVOC emissions increased by 20.18% at an annual rate of 2.03%, and isoprene exhibited the greatest enhancement of 32.67%, which was primarily due to the increase in leaf biomass. The regions with the largest growth were distributed in the Greater Khingan and Changbai Mountains, and the Sichuan, Hunan, and Hubei Provinces, which was primarily the result of the substantial increase in volumes of trees with higher emission rates. The uncertainty of our estimates was evaluated by comparing the applied basal emission factors, vegetation coverages, meteorological data, and emission algorithms from previous studies, and it was estimated to be approximately -36.5-4.6%.
准确的生物源挥发性有机化合物（BVOC）排放估算对于制定有效的空气污染控制措施至关重要。本研究利用自然排放气体和气溶胶模型（Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature），以 36km×36km 的空间分辨率计算了 2008-2018 年中国的 BVOC 排放。通过使用中国和其他国家的大量观测数据，开发了一种统计方法以获得更准确的排放率。本研究使用最详细和最准确的高分辨率植被调查数据，确定了 82 种植被物种和类型的叶生物量和覆盖度分布。结果表明，2018 年中国的全国 BVOC 排放量较大，为 58.89Tg，其中异戊二烯、单萜、倍半萜和其他 VOC 分别占排放量的 63.60%、11.35%、2.18%和 22.87%。阔叶树表现出最大的异戊二烯和总 BVOC 排放量。生物源排放及其组成具有强烈的季节性变化，异戊二烯对季节性变化更为敏感。由于分布更广、排放潜力更高的阔叶树，生物源排放主要集中在大兴安岭、长白山、秦岭、东南和西南林区以及海南省。2008-2018 年，BVOC 排放量以每年 2.03%的速度增长了 20.18%，其中异戊二烯的增长最大，为 32.67%，主要是由于叶生物量的增加。增长最大的地区分布在大兴安岭和长白山以及四川、湖南和湖北省，这主要是由于具有更高排放率的树木数量大幅增加。通过比较应用的基础排放因子、植被覆盖度、气象数据和来自先前研究的排放算法，评估了我们估算的不确定性，估计约为-36.5-4.6%。
