College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
Environ Res. 2021 Sep;200:111462. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111462. Epub 2021 Jun 8.
An accurate local biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emission inventory in Shandong Province is crucial for air pollution control in Shandong and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China. We estimated the multi-year isoprenoid emissions from natural vegetation in Shandong Province at a spatial resolution of 4 km × 4 km using the MEGAN2.1 model. A new vegetation classification with 23 plant species/types was developed, and emission factors were determined based on the most detailed and localized investigation and statistics. Isoprene, monoterpene, and sesquiterpene emissions in 2018 were 325.6, 18.2, and 7.9 Gg (mass of carbon), respectively. β-Pinene, α-pinene, ocimene, farnescene, and caryophyllene were the dominant monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Broadleaf trees contributed the most to total emissions, particularly poplar, which had the highest emission rates. Wheat also had higher emissions owing to its large coverage. Isoprenoid emissions displayed an inverted "U" pattern when plotted against the months and peaked in summer. Emissions were concentrated in the western and southeastern areas with emission intensities of >10 ton/grid, including Dezhou, Liaocheng, and Rizhao cities. During 1981-2018, isoprenoid emissions experienced a rapid increase from 12.0 to 351.7 Gg, at a rate of 11.20 Gg/yr. Isoprene had the highest enhancement rate of 10.72 Gg/yr. The most rapid increase was observed in the northwestern cities Dezhou and Liaocheng, and the southeastern cities Rizhao, at an average rate of >100 kg/yr, even >500 kg/yr in some areas. The high emissions and their continued increase should be considered when studying the prevention and control of regional air pollution and making policies in China.
山东省准确的局地生物挥发性有机化合物（BVOC）排放清单对于山东省乃至中国京津冀地区的空气污染控制至关重要。本研究利用 MEAGN2.1 模型，以 4km×4km 的空间分辨率估算了山东省多年份自然植被异戊二烯排放。采用 23 种植物物种/类型的新型植被分类方法，并基于最详细和本地化的调查和统计数据确定排放因子。2018 年，异戊二烯、单萜烯和倍半萜烯的排放量分别为 325.6、18.2 和 7.9Gg（碳质量）。β-蒎烯、α-蒎烯、罗勒烯、法呢烯和石竹烯是主要的单萜烯和倍半萜烯。阔叶树对总排放量的贡献最大，尤其是杨属，其排放率最高。由于种植面积大，小麦的排放量也较高。异戊二烯排放量随月份呈倒“U”型变化，夏季达到峰值。排放集中在西部地区和东南部地区，排放强度大于 10 吨/网格，包括德州市、聊城市和日照市。1981-2018 年，异戊二烯排放量从 12.0 增加到 351.7Gg，年增长率为 11.20Gg/yr。异戊二烯的增长率最高，为 10.72Gg/yr。德州市和聊城市等西北部城市以及日照市等东南部城市的增长最快，平均增长率>100kg/yr，部分地区甚至>500kg/yr。在研究中国区域空气污染的防治和制定政策时，应考虑到这些高排放量及其持续增加的问题。
