Jain Fagun, Longakit Anne, Huang Jenny Li-Ying, Van Raamsdonk Catherine D
Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2020 Nov;33(6):834-849. doi: 10.1111/pcmr.12900. Epub 2020 Jun 10.
The G-protein-coupled receptor, endothelin receptor B (EDNRB), is an important regulator of melanocyte survival and proliferation. It acts by stimulating downstream heterotrimeric G proteins, such as Gα and Gα . Constitutively active, oncogenic versions of Gα and Gα drive melanomagenesis, but the role of Ednrb in the context of these mutant G proteins has not been previously examined. In this paper, we used a knock-in mouse allele at the Rosa26 locus to force oncogenic GNAQ expression in melanocytes in combination with Ednrb gene knockout. The resulting pathological analysis revealed that every aspect of melanomagenesis driven by GNAQ was inhibited. We conclude that even in the presence of oncogenic Gα , the Ednrb receptor activates normal Gα and Gα proteins. This likely promotes tumorigenesis by activating phospholipase C-beta, the immediate effector of Gα . These findings suggest that it might be possible to target upstream receptors to offset the effects of hyperactive G proteins, recognized as the cause of a growing number of human disorders.
G蛋白偶联受体内皮素受体B(EDNRB)是黑素细胞存活和增殖的重要调节因子。它通过刺激下游异源三聚体G蛋白(如Gα和Gα )发挥作用。组成型激活的致癌性Gα和Gα版本驱动黑色素瘤发生,但此前尚未研究过Ednrb在这些突变G蛋白背景下的作用。在本文中,我们利用Rosa26位点的敲入小鼠等位基因,在黑素细胞中强制表达致癌性GNAQ并结合Ednrb基因敲除。由此产生的病理分析表明,由GNAQ驱动的黑色素瘤发生的各个方面均受到抑制。我们得出结论,即使在存在致癌性Gα的情况下,Ednrb受体也会激活正常的Gα和Gα蛋白。这可能通过激活磷脂酶C-β(Gα的直接效应器)来促进肿瘤发生。这些发现表明,针对上游受体可能抵消过度活跃的G蛋白的影响,而过度活跃的G蛋白被认为是越来越多人类疾病的病因。
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