Global Biosocial Complexity Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
INRAE, Abeilles et Environnement, Avignon 84914, France.
Trends Parasitol. 2020 Jul;36(7):592-606. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.04.004. Epub 2020 May 23.
The parasitic mite, Varroa destructor, has shaken the beekeeping and pollination industries since its spread from its native host, the Asian honey bee (Apis cerana), to the naïve European honey bee (Apis mellifera) used commercially for pollination and honey production around the globe. Varroa is the greatest threat to honey bee health. Worrying observations include increasing acaricide resistance in the varroa population and sinking economic treatment thresholds, suggesting that the mites or their vectored viruses are becoming more virulent. Highly infested weak colonies facilitate mite dispersal and disease transmission to stronger and healthier colonies. Here, we review recent developments in the biology, pathology, and management of varroa, and integrate older knowledge that is less well known.
寄生螨，瓦螨，自其从亚洲本土宿主，中华蜜蜂（Apis cerana）传播到用于全球授粉和蜂蜜生产的幼稚欧洲蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）以来，撼动了养蜂和授粉产业。瓦螨是蜜蜂健康的最大威胁。令人担忧的观察结果包括瓦螨种群中杀螨剂抗性的增加和经济处理阈值的下降，这表明螨虫或其传播的病毒变得更具毒性。高度感染的弱群体会促进螨虫的传播和疾病向更强壮和更健康的群传播。在这里，我们回顾了瓦螨的生物学、病理学和管理的最新进展，并整合了不太为人知的旧知识。
