Saksida Tamara, Jevtić Bojan, Djedović Neda, Miljković Đorđe, Stojanović Ivana
Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković," National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Antioxid Redox Signal. 2021 Feb 10;34(5):364-382. doi: 10.1089/ars.2019.7999. Epub 2020 Jun 17.
Autoimmune diseases are progressively affecting westernized societies, as the proportion of individuals suffering from autoimmunity is steadily increasing over the past decades. Understanding the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in modulation of the immune response in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders is of utmost importance. The focus of this review is the regulation of ROS production within tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) and regulatory T (Treg) cells that have the essential role in the prevention of autoimmune diseases and significant potency in their therapy. It is now clear that ROS are extremely important for the proper function of both DC and T cells. Antigen processing/presentation and the ability of DC to activate T cells depend upon the ROS availability. Treg differentiation, suppressive function, and stability are profoundly influenced by ROS presence. Although a plethora of results on the relation between ROS and immune cells exist, it remains unclear whether ROS modulation is a productive way for skewing T cells and DCs toward a tolerogenic phenotype. Also, the possibility of ROS modulation for enhancement of regulatory properties of DC and Treg during their preparation for use in cellular therapy has to be clarified. Studies of DC and T cell redox regulation should allow for the improvement of the therapy of autoimmune diseases. This could be achieved through the direct therapeutic application of ROS modulators in autoimmunity, or indirectly through ROS-dependent enhancement of tolDC and Treg preparation for cell-based immunotherapy. 34, 364-382.
自身免疫性疾病在西方化社会中的影响日益增加，因为在过去几十年中，患有自身免疫性疾病的个体比例在稳步上升。了解活性氧（ROS）在自身免疫性疾病发病机制中调节免疫反应的作用至关重要。本综述的重点是耐受性树突状细胞（tolDCs）和调节性T（Treg）细胞内ROS产生的调节，它们在预防自身免疫性疾病中起关键作用，并且在其治疗中具有显著效力。现在很清楚，ROS对于DC和T细胞的正常功能都极为重要。抗原加工/呈递以及DC激活T细胞的能力取决于ROS的可用性。ROS的存在对Treg的分化、抑制功能和稳定性有深远影响。尽管关于ROS与免疫细胞之间关系已有大量研究结果，但尚不清楚ROS调节是否是使T细胞和DC向耐受性表型倾斜的有效方法。此外，在将DC和Treg用于细胞治疗的制备过程中，通过ROS调节增强其调节特性的可能性也有待阐明。对DC和T细胞氧化还原调节的研究应有助于改善自身免疫性疾病的治疗。这可以通过在自身免疫中直接应用ROS调节剂进行治疗来实现，或者通过基于ROS增强tolDC和Treg用于细胞免疫治疗的制备来间接实现。34, 364 - 382。
