RN, MN, Independent Researcher, Former Assistant Professor at Shifa College of Nursing in Islamabad, Pakistan.
Foundation University Islamabad, College of Nursing, Islamabad, Pakistan.
West J Nurs Res. 2020 Jan;43(1):36-44. doi: 10.1177/0193945920923079. Epub 2020 May 27.
Self-awareness is an essential nursing competency and there is limited knowledge about nurses' levels and application of self-awareness and instruments to measure nursing-specific self-awareness. Using mixed methods, we developed and tested a scale to measure nurses' self-awareness. First, 13 nurses were interviewed to understand their meanings of self-awareness and to develop nursing-specific self-awareness scale. Qualitative analysis generated professional, personal, contextual, and contentious aspects of self-awareness. Second, a 25-item scale assessed through expert consultations and pilot testing with 252 nurses. The content validity index was 0.94. After psychometric testing, seven items were deleted. Cronbach's alpha for the 18-item scale was 0.87 and the four-factor structure accounted for 45.55% of the variance. Lastly, the final scale was administered to 216 nurses. Nurses' had moderate self-awareness (59.65 ± 7.01), significantly associated with age and years of the clinical and educational experience. Intensive care nurses were more self-aware than nurses in other settings.
自我意识是一项重要的护理能力，但关于护士自我意识的水平和应用以及衡量护理自我意识的工具的知识有限。本研究采用混合方法，开发并测试了一种衡量护士自我意识的量表。首先，对 13 名护士进行访谈，以了解他们对自我意识的理解，并开发出护理特定的自我意识量表。定性分析产生了自我意识的专业、个人、情境和争议方面。其次，通过专家咨询和对 252 名护士的试点测试，评估了一个 25 项的量表。内容效度指数为 0.94。经过心理测量学测试，删除了 7 个项目。18 项量表的克朗巴赫 α 系数为 0.87，四因素结构解释了 45.55%的方差。最后，对 216 名护士进行了最终量表的测试。护士的自我意识处于中等水平（59.65±7.01），与年龄和临床及教育经验年限显著相关。与其他环境中的护士相比，重症监护室的护士自我意识更强。
