Center for Language and Brain, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
Vinogradov Institute of Russian Language, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
J Child Lang. 2020 Nov;47(6):1244-1262. doi: 10.1017/S0305000920000112. Epub 2020 May 28.
This study investigates how phonological neighborhood density (PND) affects word production and recognition in 4-to-6-year-old Russian children in comparison to adults. Previous experiments with English-speaking adults showed that a dense neighborhood facilitated word production but inhibited recognition whereas a sparse neighborhood inhibited production but facilitated recognition. Importantly, these effects are not universal because a reverse PND pattern was found in Spanish-speaking adults. Probably, PND effects depend on the morphological properties of language.This study focuses on PND effects in word production and recognition in terms of facilitation and inhibition in Russian. Our results are consistent with those in Spanish: Russian-speaking adults produced words with dense neighborhoods more slowly and recognized them faster than words with sparse neighborhoods. Russian children showed the same PND effect in recognition and no effect was found in production. The findings support the hypothesis that PND effects in word production and recognition are influenced by the morphological system of language.
本研究调查了在俄语中，与成年人相比，音韵近邻密度（PND）如何影响 4 至 6 岁儿童的单词生成和识别。先前对英语成年人的实验表明，密集的近邻环境有助于单词生成，但会抑制识别，而稀疏的近邻环境则会抑制生成，但会促进识别。重要的是，这些影响并非普遍存在，因为在西班牙语成年人中发现了相反的 PND 模式。可能，PND 效应取决于语言的形态属性。本研究侧重于俄语中在单词生成和识别方面的促进和抑制作用的 PND 效应。我们的结果与西班牙语的结果一致：讲俄语的成年人用密集的近邻生成单词的速度较慢，而用稀疏的近邻识别单词的速度较快。俄罗斯儿童在识别中表现出相同的 PND 效应，而在生成中则没有发现这种效应。研究结果支持这样一种假设，即单词生成和识别中的 PND 效应受到语言形态系统的影响。
