Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020 Nov;83(5):1239-1253. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.03.131. Epub 2020 May 24.
As the incidence of cutaneous malignancies continues to rise and their treatment with immunotherapy expands, dermatologists and their patients are more likely to encounter immune checkpoint inhibitors. While the blockade of immune checkpoint target proteins (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4, programmed cell death-1, and programmed cell death ligand-1) generates an antitumor response in a substantial fraction of patients, there is a critical need for reliable predictive biomarkers and approaches to address refractory disease. The first article of this Continuing Medical Education series reviews the indications, efficacy, safety profile, and evidence supporting checkpoint inhibition as therapeutics for metastatic melanoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma. Pivotal studies resulting in the approval of ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, nivolumab, cemiplimab, and avelumab by regulatory agencies for various cutaneous malignancies, as well as ongoing clinical research trials, are discussed.
随着皮肤恶性肿瘤的发病率持续上升，其免疫疗法的应用也不断扩展，皮肤科医生及其患者更有可能接触到免疫检查点抑制剂。虽然阻断免疫检查点靶蛋白（细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞相关蛋白 4、程序性细胞死亡蛋白 1 和程序性细胞死亡配体 1）在很大一部分患者中产生抗肿瘤反应，但迫切需要可靠的预测生物标志物和方法来解决难治性疾病。本继续教育系列的第一篇文章综述了免疫检查点抑制剂作为转移性黑色素瘤、皮肤鳞状细胞癌和 Merkel 细胞癌治疗药物的适应证、疗效、安全性概况和证据。讨论了监管机构批准伊匹单抗、帕博利珠单抗、纳武利尤单抗、西米普利单抗和avelumab 用于各种皮肤恶性肿瘤的关键研究，以及正在进行的临床研究试验。
