Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Micro-elements Research Center, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2020 Aug;153:20-29. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.05.010. Epub 2020 May 16.
Soil phosphorus (P) occurs in pools of lower availability due to soil P fixation and therefore, it is a key constrain to crop production. Long term molybdenum-induced effects in wheat and rhizosphere/non-rhizosphere soil P dynamics have not yet been investigated. Here, a long term field experiment was conducted to explore these effects in wheat consisting of two treatments i.e. with molybdenum (+Mo) and without molybdenum (-Mo). The results revealed that molybdenum (Mo) supply increased plant biomass, grain yield, P uptake, preserved the configuration of chloroplast, stomata, and mesophyll tissue cells, suggesting the complementary effects of Mo on wheat yield and P accumulation. During the periods of vegetative growth, soil organic carbon, organic matter, and microbial biomass P were higher and tended to decrease in rhizosphere soil at maturity stage. In +Mo treatment, the most available P fractions [HO-Pi (16.2-22.9 mg/kg and 4.24-7.57 mg/kg) and NaHCO-Pi (130-149 mg/kg and 77.2-88 mg/kg)] were significantly increased in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, respectively. In addition, the +Mo treatment significantly increased the acid phosphatase activity and the expression of phoN/phoC, aphA, olpA/lppC gene transcripts in rhizosphere soil compared to -Mo. Our research findings suggested that Mo application has increased P availability not only through biochemical and chemical changes in rhizosphere but also through P assimilation and induced effects in the leaf ultra-structures. So, it might be a strategy of long term Mo fertilizer supply to overcome the P scarcity in plants and rhizosphere soil.
土壤磷（P）由于土壤 P 固定而处于较低有效性的状态，因此是作物生产的关键限制因素。长期钼诱导对小麦和根际/非根际土壤 P 动态的影响尚未得到研究。在这里，进行了一项长期田间试验，以探索包含钼（+Mo）和不包含钼（-Mo）的两种处理对小麦的这些影响。结果表明，钼（Mo）供应增加了植物生物量、籽粒产量、P 吸收量，保持了叶绿体、气孔和叶肉组织细胞的结构，表明 Mo 对小麦产量和 P 积累具有补充作用。在营养生长期间，土壤有机碳、有机质和微生物生物量 P 较高，在成熟阶段根际土壤中趋于降低。在+Mo 处理中，最有效的 P 分数[HO-Pi（16.2-22.9mg/kg 和 4.24-7.57mg/kg）和 NaHCO3-Pi（130-149mg/kg 和 77.2-88mg/kg）]在根际和非根际土壤中分别显著增加。此外，与 -Mo 相比，+Mo 处理显著增加了根际土壤中的酸性磷酸酶活性和 phoN/phoC、aphA、olpA/lppC 基因转录物的表达。我们的研究结果表明，Mo 应用不仅通过根际的生化和化学变化，而且通过 P 同化和叶片超微结构的诱导作用增加了 P 的有效性。因此，长期提供 Mo 肥料可能是克服植物和根际土壤 P 缺乏的策略。
