泰国圈养大象的福利评估与活动
Welfare Assessment and Activities of Captive Elephants in Thailand.
作者信息
Bansiddhi Pakkanut, Brown Janine L, Thitaram Chatchote
机构信息
Center of Elephant and Wildlife Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
Department of Companion Animals and Wildlife Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
出版信息
Animals (Basel). 2020 May 26;10(6):919. doi: 10.3390/ani10060919.
Thailand is the epicenter of elephant tourism and visiting an elephant camp is a popular activity according to the Tourist Authority of Thailand. However, the welfare of these elephants has been questioned by animal activist groups, international tour operators, and the public. Conclusions that the vast majority of captive elephants are abused often are based on anecdotal evidence and not solid science. So, it is difficult to tease apart emotion, opinion, and fact with regard to what practices are good or bad for elephant welfare. The aim of this paper was to: 1) describe the unique status of captive elephants in Thailand and associated regulations, 2) summarize current issues and challenges facing elephant tourism, 3) review studies conducted on welfare of tourist elephants in Thailand, and 4) offer recommendations for how elephants can be properly cared for under captive conditions in tourist camps. We conclude there are many ways to manage these elephants, and that not all tourist activities are bad for welfare. However, it is essential they be managed in a way that meets physical, physiological and psychological needs, and that management decisions are based on objective data.
泰国是大象旅游业的中心，据泰国旅游局称，参观大象营地是一项受欢迎的活动。然而，这些大象的福利受到了动物保护组织、国际旅游运营商和公众的质疑。关于绝大多数圈养大象受到虐待的结论往往基于传闻证据，而非确凿的科学依据。因此，很难区分哪些做法对大象福利有益或有害，其中哪些是情感因素、观点和事实。本文的目的是：1）描述泰国圈养大象的独特地位及相关法规，2）总结大象旅游业目前面临的问题和挑战，3）回顾泰国旅游大象福利方面的研究，4）就如何在旅游营地的圈养条件下妥善照顾大象提出建议。我们得出的结论是，管理这些大象有多种方式，而且并非所有旅游活动都对福利有害。然而，至关重要的是，应以满足其身体、生理和心理需求的方式进行管理，并且管理决策应基于客观数据。
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