Changes of substrate microbial biomass and community composition in a constructed mangrove wetland for municipal wastewater treatment during 10-years operation.

Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been used for wastewater treatment for decades, but research on microorganisms involved, especially long-term changes, is still limited. In this study, we evaluated changes in the substrate microbial community in a pilot-scale horizontal subsurface-flow constructed mangrove wetland during 10-years operation. In the 3rd year of operation, microbial biomass carbon and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) reached peak values in two vegetated belts planted with Aegiceras corniculatum (Ac) and Kandelia obovata (Ko), respectively, then stabilized or declined in the 9th and 10th years of operation. PLFA profiles reflecting microbial community compositions varied significantly in the Ac belt during the operation period. Principal component (PCA) and redundancy analyses (RDA) revealed that microbial community compositions were significantly correlated with organic matter content, especially in the 9th and 10th years of operation, implying that the substrate microbial community in constructed mangrove wetland is sensitive to substrate characteristics and can be used as an indicator for long-term performance of CWs.