Puelles-Díaz Álvaro, Illanes-González Héctor, Órdenes Yordan, Gallardo Estefanía
Carrera de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile. Email:
Carrera de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, La Serena, Chile. ORCID: 0000-0002-3603-9324.
Medwave. 2020 May 25;20(4):e7904. doi: 10.5867/medwave.2020.04.7904.
This study aims to describe the psychomotor development of children, the offspring of Chilean and Haitian parents, and who attend the local kindergartens.
The design of this study was a descriptive and cross-sectional study. The study population was children 3 to 24 months-old, belonging to kindergartens, evaluated with the Psychomotor Development Assessment Scale (EEDP) regarding psychomotor development profile for the domains of language, socialization, coordination, and motor skills. A questionnaire was administered to the parents to determine the socioeconomic level, educational level, and parenting skills.
Twenty-four infants, 12 children of Chilean parents, and 12 children of Haitian parents were evaluated. The EEDP classification (p = 0.299) did not show significant differences between both groups. In children of Chilean parents, 25% (3/12) classified as delay, while 75% (9/12) as normal. On the other hand, for children of Haitian parents, 8.3% (1/12) classified as risk, while 91.7% (11/12) as normal. There are significant differences in coordination (p = 0.006), in which Haitian children achieved better performance compared to the Chilean.
It is necessary to emphasize every domain of infant psychomotor development and the multiple sociocultural variables that can influence this. Current evaluation methods do not presently have an intercultural character.
本研究旨在描述智利和海地父母的子女在当地幼儿园就读的儿童的心理运动发育情况。
本研究的设计为描述性横断面研究。研究人群为3至24个月大的幼儿园儿童，使用心理运动发育评估量表（EEDP）对语言、社交、协调和运动技能等领域的心理运动发育情况进行评估。向家长发放问卷以确定社会经济水平、教育水平和育儿技能。
对24名婴儿进行了评估，其中12名是智利父母的孩子，12名是海地父母的孩子。EEDP分类（p = 0.299）显示两组之间无显著差异。智利父母的孩子中，25%（3/12）被归类为发育迟缓，而75%（9/12）为正常。另一方面，海地父母的孩子中，8.3%（1/12）被归类为有风险，而91.7%（11/12）为正常。在协调能力方面存在显著差异（p = 0.006），海地儿童的表现优于智利儿童。
有必要强调婴儿心理运动发育的各个领域以及可能影响其发育的多种社会文化变量。目前的评估方法目前没有跨文化特征。
