The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.
Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.
PLoS One. 2020 May 29;15(5):e0233626. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233626. eCollection 2020.
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Since prognosis and treatment outcomes rely on fast and accurate diagnosis, there is a need for more cost-effective, sensitive, and specific method for lung cancer detection. Thus, this study aimed to determine the ability of ATR-FTIR in discriminating malignant from benign lung tissues and evaluate its concordance with H&E staining. Three (3) 5μm-thick sections were cut from formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) cell or tissue blocks from patients with lung lesions. The outer sections were H&E-stained and sent to two (2) pathologists to confirm the histopathologic diagnosis. The inner section was deparaffinized by standard xylene method and then subjected to ATR-FTIR analysis. Distinct spectral profiles that distinguished (p<0.05) one sample from another, called the "fingerprint region", were observed in five (5) peak patterns representing the amides, lipids, and nucleic acids. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis evidently clustered the benign from malignant tissues. ATR-FTIR showed 97.73% sensitivity, 92.45% specificity, 94.85% accuracy, 91.49% positive predictive value and 98.00% negative predictive value in discriminating benign from malignant lung tissue. Further, strong agreement was observed between histopathologic readings and ATR-FTIR analysis. This study shows the potential of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy as a potential adjunct method to the gold standard, the microscopic examination of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained tissues, in diagnosing lung cancer.
肺癌仍然是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。由于预后和治疗结果依赖于快速准确的诊断，因此需要更具成本效益、更敏感和更特异的肺癌检测方法。因此，本研究旨在确定衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）区分良恶性肺组织的能力，并评估其与苏木精和伊红（H&E）染色的一致性。从福尔马林固定石蜡包埋（FFPE）的细胞或组织块中切取 3 个（3）5μm 厚的切片，这些切片来自患有肺部病变的患者。最外面的切片进行 H&E 染色，并送交给两位（2）位病理学家以确认组织病理学诊断。最里面的切片通过标准二甲苯方法脱蜡，然后进行 ATR-FTIR 分析。在五个（5）个峰模式中观察到可以区分（p<0.05）一个样本与另一个样本的不同的光谱特征，这些特征被称为“指纹区域”，代表酰胺、脂质和核酸。主成分分析和层次聚类分析清楚地将良性和恶性组织聚类在一起。ATR-FTIR 在区分良性和恶性肺组织方面显示出 97.73%的敏感性、92.45%的特异性、94.85%的准确性、91.49%的阳性预测值和 98.00%的阴性预测值。此外，在组织病理学读数和 ATR-FTIR 分析之间观察到了很强的一致性。本研究表明，ATR-FTIR 光谱学作为一种潜在的辅助方法，与金标准——苏木精和伊红（H&E）染色组织的显微镜检查相比，具有诊断肺癌的潜力。
