Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Stoke on Trent, UK.
Lab Invest. 2010 May;90(5):797-807. doi: 10.1038/labinvest.2010.8. Epub 2010 Feb 1.
Over the last few years, FTIR spectroscopy has become a potential analytical method in tissue and cell studies for cancer diagnosis. This has opened a way towards clinical applications such as a tool that would scan samples to assess the presence or absence of malignant cells in biopsies, or as an aid to help pathologists to better characterise those cells that are suspicious but not diagnostic for cancer. The latter application has the problem that in order to assess these cells pathologists would have already dealt with stained samples. Therefore, it is important to understand how staining would affect the spectra of cells. To this purpose, we have conducted this study in order to clarify, first, how haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Papanicolau (Pap) stainings affect the spectra of single cells and, second, whether FTIR spectroscopy could differentiate between stained lung cancer cells and their normal counterparts. Furthermore, different cell preparations (cytospin, and smear) used in cytological diagnosis were assessed. Experiments performed using a bright infrared (IR) source (synchrotron) showed that both H&E and Pap staining induced marked changes in the lipid and amide-II band regions. Despite this, FTIR spectroscopy of already stained cells is capable of differentiating between lung cancer cells and their normal counterparts. The clinical applications of this methodology are discussed.
在过去的几年中，FTIR 光谱学已成为组织和细胞研究中癌症诊断的一种有潜力的分析方法。这为临床应用开辟了道路，例如可以扫描样本以评估活检中是否存在恶性细胞的工具，或者作为帮助病理学家更好地描述那些可疑但非癌症诊断的细胞的辅助工具。后一种应用存在一个问题，即病理学家为了评估这些细胞，已经处理了染色的样本。因此，了解染色如何影响细胞的光谱非常重要。为此，我们进行了这项研究，首先是为了阐明苏木精和伊红（H&E）和巴氏染色（Pap）如何影响单个细胞的光谱，其次是 FTIR 光谱是否能够区分染色的肺癌细胞和正常细胞。此外，还评估了细胞学诊断中使用的不同细胞制备方法（细胞旋涂和涂片）。使用明亮的红外（IR）光源（同步加速器）进行的实验表明，H&E 和 Pap 染色都诱导了脂质和酰胺-II 带区域的明显变化。尽管如此，已经染色的细胞的 FTIR 光谱能够区分肺癌细胞和正常细胞。讨论了这种方法的临床应用。
