Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradiņš University, LV1007 Riga, Latvia.
Clinical Centre "Gaiļezers", Riga East University Hospital, LV1038 Riga, Latvia.
Adv Respir Med. 2024 Oct 18;92(5):421-428. doi: 10.3390/arm92050038.
The Raman effect, or as per its original description, "modified scattering", is an observation that the number of scattered light waves shifts after photons make nonelastic contact with a molecule. This effect allows Raman spectroscopy to be very useful in various fields. Although it is well known that Raman spectroscopy could be very beneficial in medicine as a diagnostic tool, there are not many applications of Raman spectroscopy in pulmonary medicine. Mostly tumor tissue, sputum and saliva have been used as material for analysis in respiratory medicine. Raman spectroscopy has shown promising results in malignancy recognition and even tumor staging. Saliva is a biological fluid that could be used as a reliable biomarker of the physiological state of the human body, and is easily acquired. Saliva analysis using Raman spectroscopy has the potential to be a relatively inexpensive and quick tool that could be used for diagnostic, screening and phenotyping purposes. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a growing cause of disability and death, and its phenotyping using saliva analysis via Raman spectroscopy has a great potential to be a dependable tool to, among other things, help reduce hospitalizations and disease burden. Although existing methods are effective and generally available, Raman spectroscopy has the benefit of being quick and noninvasive, potentially reducing healthcare costs and workload.
拉曼效应，或者按照其最初的描述，“修饰散射”，是指光子与分子发生非弹性接触后，散射光的数量发生变化的一种观察结果。这种效应使得拉曼光谱在各个领域都非常有用。尽管众所周知，拉曼光谱作为一种诊断工具在医学上非常有益，但在肺部医学中并没有太多拉曼光谱的应用。在呼吸医学中，主要使用肿瘤组织、痰液和唾液作为分析材料。拉曼光谱在恶性肿瘤识别甚至肿瘤分期方面显示出了有前景的结果。唾液是一种生物液体，可作为人体生理状态的可靠生物标志物，且易于获取。使用拉曼光谱进行唾液分析有可能成为一种相对廉价且快速的工具，可用于诊断、筛查和表型分析等目的。慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是导致残疾和死亡的一个日益严重的原因，通过拉曼光谱对唾液进行分析来对其进行表型分析，有可能成为一种可靠的工具，除其他外，有助于减少住院和疾病负担。虽然现有的方法是有效的且普遍可用的，但拉曼光谱具有快速和非侵入性的优点，有可能降低医疗保健成本和工作量。
